Search results for "educational psychology"
showing 10 items of 1902 documents
Ecological approach and community education as promoters of the social development of reform school students
1995
ABSTRACT New models of operation are being sought for Finnish reform school education traditionally based on segregation. This article deals with the possibilities of applying the ecological approach and community education to support the socialization of reform school students. The aim is to describe the participation of the students in one Finnish reform school, as well as their expressed need to join in the production system, cultural system, contact system and the decision‐making system of society. This article presents part of a larger project carried out at the University of Jyvaskyla in Finland. In the research project a three‐part division in the description into an ideal state, a r…
Gender Differences on the Concept of Wisdom: An International Comparison
2013
The study aims to depict the most common ideas regarding wisdom from young people (ages 15-18) in Latvia, Lithuania, Mexico, Korea and the United States. A questionnaire was administered to nearly ...
Parenting Stress in Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and ADHD
2015
The purpose of this study was to compare the parenting stress experienced by parents of 121 children from 5 to 9 years old with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), comorbid ASD+ADHD, and typical development in different domains related to child and parent characteristics using the Parenting Stress Index. The three clinical groups presented greater perceived parenting stress than did the comparison group (CG). The ADHD group obtained higher levels of parenting stress related to attachment and depression than did the other groups. The ASD+ADHD group presented a unique profile of differences from the CG on Health and Spouse subscales. Results highl…
Determinants of evaluation of team performance
1976
Abstract.— The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting the evaluation of the achievement behavior of a group. Subjects were asked to play the role of team members who have to convey their feedback to the whole team right after the performance. 214 subjects (males and females, high and low achievers) evaluated the achievement behavior of a group, a sports team. They were given knowledge of the group's performance outcomes (5 outcomes from clear win to clear loss), of the group's ability (yes or no) and of the effort (yes or no) expended by the group members. These factors yielded the 20 situations judged by each subject. In addition, half of the subjects evaluated a team perfo…
Seasonal and daily variation in physical activity among three-year-old Finnish preschool children
2013
The purposes of this study were to assess seasonal, daily, and gender variations in children’s physical activity (PA). ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers were used to record the three-year-old children’s PA levels for five consecutive days in autumn and winter. Complete data for both seasons were obtained for 47 children. Despite a significant difference in seasonal temperatures (p < .001), differences were only found for weekdays light PA (p = .021). No difference in PA was observed between weekdays and weekend days. Only 20% of the sample had ≥120 minutes light-to-vigorous PA (LMVPA), and 46% of children had ≥60 minutes moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Boys spent more minutes in LMVPA (p = .001…
Systematic reasoning: Formal or postformal cognition?
1995
The focus of this study was to investigate the relationship between formal and postformal systematic metasystematic reasoning. Shayer's (1978) chemicals task and a modified version of Kuhn and Brannock's (1977) plant task were used to measure formal thinking and Commons, Richard, and Kuhn's (1982) multisystem task and balance-beam task to detect postformal reasoning. Subjects were university students from the humanities and social sciences (N=35). For each subject, a composite score was defined by taking into account the highest score in the tasks measuring the same developmental stage. Findings indicated that composite scores of formal and postformal reasoning were significantly correlated…
Social interactional behaviors and symbolic play competence as predictors of language development and their associations with maternal attention-dire…
1999
Abstract Children’s early social interactional behaviors and symbolic play competence were studied at 14 months in a sample of 111 mother-infant pairs. The categories of social interactional behaviors, joint visual attention, socially coordinated and object oriented interactions were assessed via observations of mother-infant joint play. An index of symbolic play was derived from the child’s solitary play, which was assessed independently. We examined both the interrelations of these two types of early language predictors, and their relation to children’s language skills and maternal attention-directing strategies. Measures of children’s language comprehension and production were obtained u…
Influence of Background Knowledge and Language Proficiency on Comprehension of Domain-Specific Texts by University Students
2019
This paper presents the results of a quantitative study that explores two factors contributing to reading comprehension of domain specific texts, namely level of language proficiency and background knowledge. Overall, 32 students participated in the study by taking two custom-designed reading comprehension tests. The test scores were further analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results of statistical tests revealed the differences between study groups as well as the effects of compensation. More precisely, the most proficient group scored higher on almost all tests and completed the tests more quickly than the remaining groups. The statistical tools used to test the data showed th…
Postgraduates' science comprehension monitoring in EFL
2015
INTRODUCTION. Nowadays, accessing the European labour market opportunities implies having a high command of English. For this reason, most Spanish universities offer their Bachelor Degrees/Undergraduate Degrees in English. Learning at university, especially in distance learning, strongly depends on the student's own comprehension monitoring when reading instructional materials, usually expository texts. The present work compares comprehension monitoring (CM) in Spanish and in English of Spanish university students with a high level of English proficiency. A replication study is developed to increase the validity of the interesting results obtained on English-Spanish differences in CM at mic…
Teaching strategies to create visual representations of key ideas in content area text materials: A longterm intervention inserted in school curricul…
1995
This paper describes a long-term research in which middle-grade school children were taught how to represent visually text key ideas through idea-mapping techniques. It consists of three studies, one for each year of our research. Children were at sixth grade when the instruction began, and they were at eighth grade when it finished. Another group of children from a different public school served as control group. Instruction was very close to the real school conditions: instructors were ordinary teachers, instruction was inserted in the content area curriculum, and ordinary textbooks were regularly employed, though combined with specially elaborated materials. Results were positive in the …