Search results for "effective"

showing 10 items of 1371 documents

Growth hormone replacement in adults:Real-world data from two large studies in US and Europe

2020

Objective: This report describes the effectiveness and safety of growth hormone replacement in 3180 adult patients with growth hormone deficiency followed-up for 0.0–12.2 years in two completed, complementary, non-interventional, multicentre studies, NordiNet® International Outcome Study (IOS) (NCT00960128) and the American Norditropin® Studies: Web-Enabled Research (ANSWER) Program (NCT01009905). Design: In both studies, Norditropin® (somatropin; Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark) was administered at the discretion of the treating physician and according to routine practice. We present data on baseline characteristics, growth hormone dose, safety data and change from baseline in waist circumferenc…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineIGF-I SDSPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyWaistHormone Replacement TherapyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismANSWER Program030209 endocrinology & metabolismEffectivenessGrowth hormoneNordiNet® International Outcome Study (IOS)Body compositionHypopituitarismBody Mass IndexGrowth hormone deficiency03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyElectric ImpedancemedicineHumansGrowth hormone replacementAgedAdult patientsHuman Growth Hormonebusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRecombinant ProteinsUnited StatesReal-world dataEuropeClinical Practice030104 developmental biologyGrowth hormone deficiency in adultsBaseline characteristicsBody CompositionFemaleWaist CircumferenceSafetybusinessReal world dataBody mass index
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A guided Internet-delivered intervention for adjustment disorders

2021

© 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Evidence of self-help interventions for adjustment disorder (AjD) is limited. This study aims at testing in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) the effectiveness of a disorder-specific, Internet-delivered cognitive–behavioural therapy (ICBT) intervention for AjD. Participants were randomly allocated to either an ICBT with brief weekly telephone support (n = 34) or a waiting list group (n = 34). Beck's inventories for depression and anxiety were used as primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were AjD symptoms, post-traumatic growth, positive and negative affect, and quality of life. In all, 76.5% of the participants completed the intervention. Compared with th…

AdultMale050103 clinical psychologymedicine.medical_specialtyadjustment disorderBeck Anxiety InventoryAdjustment disordersPsychological interventionCBTeffectivenessAnxietylaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesAdjustment Disorders0302 clinical medicineQuality of lifeRandomized controlled trialSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beinglawIntervention (counseling)medicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesInternetInternet‐delivered interventionsCognitive Behavioral TherapyDepression05 social sciencesmedicine.disease030227 psychiatryClinical PsychologyDistressTreatment Outcomerandomized controlled trialPhysical therapyAnxiety/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyInternet-Based InterventionClinical Psychology and Psychotherapy
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Population-level risks of alcohol consumption by amount, geography, age, sex, and year: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study …

2022

Background: The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. Methods: For this analysis, we constructed burden-weighted dose-response relative risk curves across 22 health outcomes to estimate the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL) and non-drinker equivalence (NDE), the consumption level at which the health risk is equivalent to that of a non-drinker, using disease rates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and …

AdultMaleAlcohol DrinkingCONTROL POLICIESadult; Alcohol Drinking; Child Preschool; Female; Geography; Global Burden of Disease; Global Health; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Risk FactorsNDASALL-CAUSEGUIDELINESGlobal HealthGBD 2020 Alcohol CollaboratorsGlobal Burden of DiseaseCOST-EFFECTIVENESSMedicine General & InternalDRINKINGSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingRA0421Risk FactorsGeneral & Internal MedicineQuality-Adjusted Life YearRA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive MedicineDRINKERSHumansChildPreschool11 Medical and Health SciencesMETAANALYSISMCCScience & Technologyglobal burden of diseaseGeographyRisk FactoradultGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCANCERalcohol drinkingACChild Preschool3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineFemaleQuality-Adjusted Life YearsREDUCED MORTALITYLife Sciences & Biomedicinealcohol drinking; global burden of disease; adultHuman
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Learning by heart : cardiac cycle reveals an effective time window for learning

2018

Cardiac cycle phase is known to modulate processing of simple sensory information. This effect of the heartbeat on brain function is likely exerted via baroreceptors, the neurons sensitive for changes in blood pressure. From baroreceptors, the signal is conveyed all the way to the forebrain and the medial prefrontal cortex. In the two experiments reported, we examined whether learning, as a more complex form of cognition, can be modulated by the cardiac cycle phase. Human participants ( experiment 1) and rabbits ( experiment 2) were trained in trace eyeblink conditioning while neural activity was recorded. The conditioned stimulus was presented contingently with either the systolic or dias…

AdultMaleBaroreceptorAdolescentPhysiologyComputer sciencehippocampusclassical conditioningtheta oscillationEffective timeStimulus (physiology)verenkiertota3112050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineHeart RateAnimalsHumans0501 psychology and cognitive scienceshippokampusCA1 Region Hippocampalta515Cardiac cycleGeneral Neuroscience05 social sciencesClassical conditioningAssociation LearningBrainElectroencephalographybaroreceptorMyocardial ContractionConditioning EyelidehdollistuminenAcoustic StimulationNeural processingEvoked Potentials AuditoryFemaleRabbitsNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of Neurophysiology
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Evaluation of the apparent diffusion coefficient in patients with recurrent glioblastoma under treatment with bevacizumab with radiographic pseudores…

2017

Abstract Background Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Criteria (RANO), are used to asses response to first-line treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). Differentiation between response and pseudoresponse under treatment with Bevacizumab (BVZ) remains challenging. This study evaluates ADC changes in patients with radiographic pseudoresponse under treatment with (BVZ). Methods Patients (n = 40) with recurrent GBM under-treatment with BVZ underwent MRI before, two and four months after treatment with BVZ. In patients with radiological pseudoresponse (n = 11), ADC analyses were performed. Areas with decreasing T1 contrast enhancement (CE) and FLAIR signal decrease were manually selected and compar…

AdultMaleBevacizumabRadiographyPseudoresponseFluid-attenuated inversion recovery030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesAntineoplastic Agents Immunological0302 clinical medicineImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansEffective diffusion coefficientRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientAgedRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyBrain Neoplasmsbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHyperintensityBevacizumabbody regionsDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingTreatment OutcomeFemaleNeurology (clinical)Neoplasm Recurrence LocalGlioblastomabusinessNuclear medicine030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugGlioblastomaJournal of Neuroradiology
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Vulnerability of the right ventricle to cathodal, anodal, and bipolar stimulation at double diastolic threshold strength

1984

The repetitive ventricular response (RVR) to three stimulation techniques (bipolar, cathodal and anodal) was investigated in 35 patients. 26 patients suffered from coronary heart disease and 9 patients from dilative cardiomyopathy. The stimulation study was performed at a ventricular driving rate of 120/min with one and two premature ventricular extrastimuli. We used rectangular impulses of 1.8 ms duration at duable diastolic threshold strength. RVR was scored as follows: 0: no RVR, 1: one nonstimulated RVR, 2: two nonstimulated RVR, 3: three nonstimulated RVR, 4: four to ten nonstimulated RVR, 5: more than ten nonstimulated RVR lasting less than 2 minutes, 6: sustained ventricular tachycar…

AdultMaleCardiac Catheterizationmedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyHeart VentriclesDiastoleCoronary DiseaseStimulationDilative cardiomyopathyElectrocardiographyPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineHumansAgedStimulation techniquebusiness.industryEffective refractory periodMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseElectric StimulationBipolar stimulationmedicine.anatomical_structureVentricleAnesthesiaVentricular fibrillationCardiologyFemaleCardiomyopathiesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBasic Research in Cardiology
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Narrow Band Imaging

2015

Objectives: Narrow band imaging (NBI) is supposed to be a technique for a better visualization of vessel structures in superficial tissue as it selects the wavelengths of hemoglobin. It was hypothesized that, in the regular follow-up examination of patients with recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis, NBI enables a better detection of laryngeal papillomatosis in contrast to normal white light endoscopy. Methods: Eleven patients, 10 with a known recurrent papillomatosis (8 with a relapse, 2 without) and 1 with a primary diagnosis of papillomatosis, were examined with normal white light and NBI endoscopy. Twenty-six video sequences (11 white, 11 NBI, 4 doubled for validity) were generated and ran…

AdultMaleComparative Effectiveness ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyRecurrent laryngeal papillomatosisLaryngoscopyPapillomatosisNarrow Band ImagingmedicineHumansLaryngeal NeoplasmsMicroscopy VideoNarrow-band imagingLaryngoscopyPapillomamedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineLaryngeal Neoplasmmedicine.diseaseEndoscopyOtorhinolaryngologyDimensional Measurement AccuracyPapillomaFemaleRadiologymedicine.symptombusinessLaryngeal papillomatosisAnnals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology
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Numerical relations and skill level constrain co-adaptive behaviors of agents in sports teams.

2014

Similar to other complex systems in nature (e.g., a hunting pack, flocks of birds), sports teams have been modeled as social neurobiological systems in which interpersonal coordination tendencies of agents underpin team swarming behaviors. Swarming is seen as the result of agent co-adaptation to ecological constraints of performance environments by collectively perceiving specific possibilities for action (affordances for self and shared affordances). A major principle of invasion team sports assumed to promote effective performance is to outnumber the opposition (creation of numerical overloads) during different performance phases (attack and defense) in spatial regions adjacent to the bal…

AdultMaleCompetitive BehaviorAdolescentScienceTeam effectivenessPoison controlSocial SciencesAthletic PerformanceSocial SkillsInterpersonal relationshipYoung AdultSocial skillsAdaptation PsychologicalSoccerHuman PerformanceMedicine and Health SciencesMedicinePsychologyHumansInterpersonal RelationsSports and Exercise MedicineCooperative BehaviorAffordanceta315Team compositionBehaviorMultidisciplinaryHuman Movementbusiness.industryQRBiology and Life SciencesFacultyGroup ProcessesCollective Human BehaviorSocial systemGeographic Information SystemsMedicineCollective animal behaviorbusinessCognitive psychologyResearch ArticleSportsPLoS ONE
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Health science student teachers' perceptions of teacher competence: A qualitative study.

2019

Abstract Background Health science teacher competence is multifaceted and continuously changing according to national and international healthcare standards. Organizational restructuring and emphasis on cost effectiveness is changing the scope of health science teachers' practical work and their role in healthcare (worldwide). Aim This study aimed to describe student teachers' perceptions of the competencies needed to work as an educator in the healthcare field. Objective of study was to gain new knowledge which can be used in the development of teacher education programs in nursing science and to define a broader definition of the health science educators. Methods A qualitative study was c…

AdultMaleCost effectivenessEducation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHealth careComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONHumans030212 general & internal medicineStudentsCurriculumCompetence (human resources)Health EducationGeneral NursingFinlandQualitative ResearchMedical education030504 nursingbusiness.industryFocus GroupsMiddle AgedFocus groupFacultyTeacher educationContent analysisFemalePerception0305 other medical sciencebusinessPsychologyQualitative researchNurse education today
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Long-term cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy versus psychodynamic therapy in social anxiety disorder.

2015

Background To determine the cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) versus psychodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of social anxiety disorder after a follow-up of 30 months from a societal perspective. Methods This analysis was conducted alongside the multicenter SOPHO-NET trial; adults with a primary diagnosis of social anxiety disorder received CBT (n = 209) or PDT (n = 207). Data on health care utilization and productivity loss were collected at baseline, after 6 months (posttreatment), and three further follow-ups to calculate direct and indirect costs. Anxiety-free days (AFDs) calculated based on remission and response were used as measure of effect. The increment…

AdultMaleCost effectivenessmedicine.medical_treatmentCost-Benefit AnalysisTime03 medical and health sciencesIndirect costs0302 clinical medicineWillingness to paymedicineHumanshealth care economics and organizationsPsychodynamic psychotherapyCost–benefit analysisCognitive Behavioral TherapySocial anxietyPhobia Social3. Good health030227 psychiatryCognitive behavioral therapyPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyTreatment OutcomeCognitive therapyFemalePsychologyPsychotherapy Psychodynamic030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychologyDepression and anxiety
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