Search results for "european Union"
showing 10 items of 1380 documents
A Bayesian unified framework for risk estimation and cluster identification in small area health data analysis.
2020
Many statistical models have been proposed to analyse small area disease data with the aim of describing spatial variation in disease risk. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical model that simultaneously allows for risk estimation and cluster identification. Our model formulation assumes that there is an unknown number of risk classes and small areas are assigned to a risk class by means of independent allocation variables. Therefore, areas within each cluster are assumed to share a common risk but they may be geographically separated. The posterior distribution of the parameter representing the number of risk classes is estimated using a novel procedure that combines its prior …
Milestones of complex computing facility assembling
2015
IMCS UL continues its enduring development of research e-infrastructure, participates in international projects such as GEANT, GN2, GN3, GN3+, GN4, BalticGRID, BG II and EGI-InSPIRE, has involved in CLARIN and ELIXIR ESFRI ERIC activities. Currently IMCS UL maintains Scientific Cloud unified computing facility realized as ½ PTB SAN storage (IBM DS4700 with servers); provides collocation, hosting and virtualization services. As well it operates as a node for online correlation data streaming services from Irbene radio telescope in real time, HPC resources' disposal for computing tasks, usage of Big data extracted from data storage for modeling and also for graphic data processing. In the sam…
European Energy Efficiency Evaluation Based on the Use of Super-Efficiency Under Undesirable Outputs in SBM Models
2020
Although Data Envelopment Analysis models have been intensively used for measuring efficiency, the inclusion of undesirable outputs has extended their use to analyse relevant fields such as environmental efficiency. In this context, slacks-based measure (SBM) models offer a remarkable alternative, largely due to their ability to deal with undesirable outputs. Additionally, super-efficiency evaluation in DEA is a useful complementary analysis for ranking the performance of efficient DMUs and even mandatory for dynamic efficiency evaluation. An extension to this approach in the presence of undesirable outputs is here introduced and then applied in the context of the environmental efficiency i…
Exceptional sign changes of the nonlocal spin Seebeck effect in antiferromagnetic hematite
2021
A.R. and M.K. acknowledge support from the Graduate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz (DFG/GSC 266). A.R. and M.K. also acknowledge support from both MaHoJeRo (DAAD Spintronics network, Projects No. 57334897 and No. 57524834) and SPIN+X (DFG SFB TRR 173, No. 268565370 Projects No. A01 and No. B02) and KAUST (Project No. OSR-2019-CRG8-4048.2). This work was supported by the Max Planck Graduate Center with the Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz (MPGC). A.R., R.L., M.E., U.N., and M.K. acknowledge support from the DFG Project No. 423441604. R.L. acknowledges the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement FAST…
La libre circulación de resoluciones judiciales en la UE en el caso de la sustracción internacional de menores
2020
El presente artículo aborda la regulación actual y futura del sector del reconocimiento y ejecución de resoluciones extranjeras en materia de sustracción internacional de menores en el ámbito de la Unión Europea. Materia específica que motivó la previsión de un régimen de eficacia extraterritorial de resoluciones judiciales distinguido – y privilegiado – al del régimen genérico de las resoluciones en materia de responsabilidad parental. Recientemente, el instrumento aplicable en la materia, el Reglamento 2201/2003 (Reglamento Bruselas II bis) ha sufrido un importante proceso de reforma que ha culminado con la aprobación de un nuevo Reglamento, el Reglamento 2019/1111. En este trabajo aborda…
The Application of Foreign Law by Judicial and Non-Judicial Authorities: Any News?
2020
The treatment of foreign law by judicial and non-judicial authorities constitutes “a crucial issue” for the proper functioning of any Private International Law (PIL) system. Nevertheless, and despite its relevance, international harmonization on this issue is scarce and old –usually, previous to 1980-, and it combines both a limited scope and little application. Thus, the nature granted to foreign law before national authorities, the way to ascertain its content or to consider when it has been sufficiently proved usually vary significantly among jurisdictions and negatively affect the potential application of foreign law. This situation is widespread. And it is even noticeable in a legally …
Economic valuation of environmental benefits from wastewater treatment processes: An empirical approach for Spain
2009
Economic research into the design and implementation of policies for the efficient management of water resources has been emphasized by the European Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC). The efficient implementation of policies to prevent the degradation and depletion of water resources requires determining their value in social and economic terms and incorporating this information into the decision-making process. A process of wastewater treatment has many associated environmental benefits. However, these benefits are often not calculated because they are not set by the market, due to inadequate property rights, the presence of externalities, and the lack of perfect information…
The impact of space development structure on the level of ecological footprint - Shift share analysis for European Union countries
2022
The impact of the space development structure on the level of the ecological footprint is an important element of the sustainable development policy, determining not only its directions, but also indicating the manner of respecting en- vironmental principles. The aim of the research is to assess the impact of the spatial development structure on the eco- logical footprint level. The considerations are based on the assumption that the spatial development structure is a determinant of the ecological footprint level. The study used the shift share analysis method. Selected European coun- tries were the subject of the research. The research period covered the years 2009–2019. The spatial differ…
Contract for the Supply of Digital Content
2014
The main aspects of a contract for the supply of digital content are analysed in this chapter. This can be seen as the most novel part of the proposed Regulation of the European Union, and is certainly a very important part of the final content of the proposal. This type of contract is a logical consequence of the development of information technology and communication, and the evolution of an information society and knowledge economy.
Drivers of greenhouse gas emissions in the Baltic States: A structural decomposition analysis
2014
Since the mid-1990s three Baltic States have significantly increased their per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and at the same time have managed to keep the CO2 equivalent (CO2e) emissions low. We used structural decomposition analysis to identify the drivers of change for CO2e emissions in these countries between 1995 and 2009, a period that includes the collapse of the Soviet Union, restructuring and economic growth and the great recession. The results show that final demand has been the main driving force for increasing emissions in the Baltic States and would have caused an 80%, 64% and 143% emission increase in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, respectively, all other factors kept con…