Search results for "kidney"

Dual-targeting siRNAs.

2010

We have developed an algorithm for the prediction of dual-targeting short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in which both strands are deliberately designed to separately target different mRNA transcripts with complete complementarity. An advantage of this approach versus the use of two separate duplexes is that only two strands, as opposed to four, are competing for entry into the RNA-induced silencing complex. We chose to design our dual-targeting siRNAs as Dicer substrate 25/27mer siRNAs, since design features resembling pre-microRNAs (miRNAs) can be introduced for Dicer processing. Seven different dual-targeting siRNAs targeting genes that are potential targets in cancer therapy have been develo…

Mutagenicity of glutathione and cysteine in the Ames test.

1983

Postmitochondrial supernatant from rat liver and kidney homogenates transformed cysteine into a mutagen that reverted bacteria of the strain Salmonella typhimurium TA100 to histidine independence. Glutathione was also activated by kidney postmitochondrial supernatant but not by liver preparations. Hence, important endogenous compounds of mammals are positive in the most commonly used short-term test for carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Glutathione is positive in the test even at concentrations found in mammalian tissues.

Small extracellular vesicles from young mice prevent frailty, improve healthspan and decrease epigenetic age in old mice

2021

SummaryAging is associated with an increased risk of frailty, disability, comorbidities, institutionalization, falls, fractures, hospitalization, and mortality. Searching for strategies to delay the degenerative changes associated with aging and frailty is interesting. We treated old animals intravenously with small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) of young animals, and we found an improvement of several functional parameters usually altered with aging, such as motor coordination, grip strength, fatigue resistance, fur regeneration, and renal function. Frailty index analysis showed that 40% of old control mice were frail, whereas none of the …

Antidepressants are functional antagonists at the serotonin type 3 (5-HT3) receptor

2003

Antidepressants are commonly supposed to enhance serotonergic and/or noradrenergic neurotransmission by inhibition of neurotransmitter reuptake through binding to the respective neurotransmitter transporters or through inhibition of the monoamine oxidase. Using the concentration-clamp technique and measurements of intracellular Ca2+, we demonstrate that different classes of antidepressants act as functional antagonists at the human 5-HT3A receptor stably expressed in HEK 293 cells and at endogenous 5-HT3 receptors of rat hippocampal neurons and N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells. The tricyclic antidepressants desipramine, imipramine, and trimipramine, the serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, t…

Thymidine-, uridine- and choline-kinase in rabbit kidney cells infected with herpesvirus hominis, type I and II.

1972

Data are presented about the activity of the thymidine-, uridine- and choline-kinase after infection with 21 strains ofherpesvirus hominis of serotype I or II in rabbit kidney cells. Type I strains increase the activity of the thymidine-kinase 15–20 fold over the controls, whereas the type II strains demonstrate a moderate activity, the level of the enzyme is increased 2–5 fold. One giant cell forming strain exhibits unusual properties, the TK activity decreases in correlation to the controls. The uridine- and choline-kinases induce the respective enzymes in different manner. The strains tested are divided into 5 groups depending upon the activity of the enzymatic activity. The implications…

Microbial and histopathological study of the vibriosis caused by Vibrio vulnificus serovar E in eels: The metalloprotease Vvp is not an essential les…

2008

Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 serovar E (Bt2-serE) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes a haemorrhagic septicaemia in eels, called warm water vibriosis. The main objective of the present work was to study the onset of the eel vibriosis from the microbiological and histopathological viewpoint, as well as to ascertain the role of the protease Vvp as a lesional factor by comparing the histopathological lesions caused by the wild strain and its vvp deficient derivative. The wild-type strain was observed to attach to the gills, where it multiplied following saturation dynamics, subsequently invading the blood stream and reaching the internal organs. Here it reached population sizes that are notably …

Monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a reliable biomarker for urosepsis

2023

Anidulafungin in combination with amphotericin B against Aspergillus fumigatus.

2009

ABSTRACT We investigated the effects of anidulafungin alone and in combination with amphotericin B against Aspergillus fumigatus . Indifference was the only type of interaction observed in vitro. Anidulafungin at 1 and 5 mg/kg of body weight/day, amphotericin B at 1 mg/kg/day, and combination therapy prolonged the survival of mice with invasive aspergillosis. Anidulafungin at 5 mg/kg/day, alone and in combination with amphotericin B, reduced the kidney fungal burden. Overall, the combination was not superior to the most active single drug.

Down with the erythropoietin. Long live the erythropoietin!

2009

In recent years the use of erythropoietin has exploded, and the anaemia of patients with chronic renal failure has been practically resolved with the administration of rHuEpo (recombinant human, Erythropoietin). However, as a result of an intense commercial campaign, strong therapies with this growth hormone, prescribed to achieve surprising sporting performances, got athletes to run the risk of thrombosis and vascular accidents because of red blood cells increase. Erythropoietin represents a significant subject of research. In fact, besides the ability of stimulating erythrocyte production, it has many pleiotropic effects. Several studies allow the assertion that EPO, in different concentr…

VITAMIN D SUBSTRATE-PRODUCT RELATIONSHIP IN IDIOPATHIC HYPERCALCIURIA

2009

Absorptive hypercalciuria (AH) is associated with elevated levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D). While no increase of 1,25(OH)(2)D after oral administration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) at high doses has been claimed in normal subjects, a substrate-product relationship has been reported in normal children, young people after UV irradiation, older persons, postmenopausal women, primary hyperparathyroidism, renal failure, osteomalacia, and sarcoidosis. No data of this relationship in AH is available. To investigate 25OHD-1,25(OH)(2)D substrate-product relationship in AH, 161 AH patients (mean age 60.9+/-11.7 years) and 110 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age 61.5+/-12.4 year…