Search results for "local environment"
showing 10 items of 31 documents
Innovation activity of SMEs in different locations
2013
Todtling and Trippl (2005) argue that innovation activity is a key element in regional economic development (see also Ronde and Hussler, 2005; Audretsch and Lehmann, 2005; Cooke, 2005). However, we know little about the formation, development and diffusion of innovations in different milieux. The aim of this study is to clarify the factors – in particular, the regional factors – that affect the innovation activity of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Our analyses of the innovation activity of Finnish SMEs revealed that innovation activity is very brisk in towns and relatively brisk in rural areas, although the difference between the two was not statistically significant. A logistic…
Binary alloys of Ge and Te: order, voids, and the eutectic composition
2008
The liquid and amorphous structures of ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{0.15}{\mathrm{Te}}_{0.85}$ and GeTe alloys are characterized using combined density functional/molecular dynamics simulations. Te is threefold coordinated, in contrast with predictions of the ``8-$N$ rule,'' and Ge atoms (fourfold coordinated) show octahedral and tetrahedral bonding angles. Cubic local environment occurs in both materials, and GeTe shows a pronounced alternation of atomic types. Tetrahedral Ge coordination is more common in the eutectic ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{0.15}{\mathrm{Te}}_{0.85}$, which comprises corner- and edge-sharing ${\mathrm{GeTe}}_{4}$ units surrounded by Te. There is no Te segregation, and the material resembles …
Structure of the FeBTC Metal–Organic Framework: A Model Based on the Local Environment Study
2015
The local environment of iron in FeBTC, a metal organic framework commercially known as Basolite F300, is investigated combining XANES and EXAFS studies of the iron K-edge. The building block of the FeBTC can be described as an iron acetate moiety. Dehydration induces a change in the coordination of the first shell while preserving the network. We propose that the local structure around Fe atoms does not undergo a rearrangement, thus, leading to the formation of an open site. The analysis conveys that the FeBTC is a disordered network of locally ordered blocks.
Association between climate and new daily diagnoses of COVID-19
2020
AbstractBackgroundAlthough evidence is accumulating that climate conditions may positively or negatively influence the scale of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, uncertainty remains concerning the real impact of climate factors on viral transmission. Methods. The number of new daily cases of COVID-19 diagnosed in Verona (Italy) was retrieved from the official website of Veneto Region, while information on daily weather parameters in the same area was downloaded from IlMeteo website, a renowned Italian technological company specialized in weather forecasts. The search period ranged between March 1 to November 11, 2020. The number of new daily COVID-19 cases and meteorological da…
The Carbon Footprint of Volunteer Tourism
2019
Abstract Tourism is growing at a fast rate and so is its carbon footprint. Alongside conventional tourism, a new form of tourism, so-called voluntourism, has emerged. The discussion on voluntourism in the existing literature has hereby mainly centred around its positive impacts on the health and education of communities and the local environment in developing countries. Nevertheless, little attention has been drawn to its climate impacts. This study set out to investigate the carbon footprint of voluntourism. The data were collected at a local non-governmental organisation (NGO) in India working with voluntourists. Both the carbon footprint of the stay in India and that from the round trip …
XAFS study of interchain and intrachain order inSe1−xTexglasses: Nearest neighbors
1998
XAFS measurements (LURE and NSLS) of ${\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{x}$ glasses have been carried out on both the Se and Te $K$ edges at low and room temperatures. Using a multishell best-fit analysis procedure, we have reconstructed the Se and Te local environment: first-shell intrachain nearest neighbors $(\mathrm{Se}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1}, \mathrm{Se}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Te}}_{1}, \mathrm{Te}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1},$ and $\mathrm{Te}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Te}}_{1}).$ We conclude that the intrachain chemical order (preferential of Se-Te pairs) increases with Te content in the glasses. On the other hand, we suggest a random distribution of Se and Te atom…
Local structure aroundEr3+inSiO2−HfO2glassy waveguides using EXAFS
2007
${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$-doped $\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Hf}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ glassy waveguides with $\mathrm{Hf}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ concentrations ranging from $10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}50\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mol}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}%$ were prepared using the sol-gel route and deposited on $v\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ substrates using the dip-coating technique. The local environment around ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ ions was determined from Er ${L}_{3}$-edge extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements. The first coordination shell around ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ ions is comp…
The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three: A global synthesis
2013
This ISAAC Phase Three synthesis provides summarised information on the main findings of the study, regional tables and figures related to the prevalence and severity of current symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in the main regions of the world. The large number of surveyed children (≈1,200,000), the large number of centres (233) and countries (98) that participated in ISAAC Phase Three makes this study the most comprehensive survey of these diseases ever undertaken. Globally, the prevalence for current asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in the 13-14-year age group was 14.1%, 14.6% and 7.3%, respectively. In the 6-7-year age group the prevalence for current asthma, rhin…
Transnational monasteries: The economic performance of cloistered women
2015
Monastery research not only throws light on little-known aspects of Christianity in Africa, but also can make an important contribution to the understanding of the processes of social change and debates on globalization in African societies. The contemplative orders develop alternative economic forms, interact with their local environment, and build transnational networks or integrate into them. They emerge as local and transnational actors, change in the course of these processes, and contribute to the social change in the societies in which they participate. This interaction is the focus of the article, which is based on the analysis of a case study, a Benedictine abbey in Koubri, near t…
Local adaptation, coadaptation, and population boundaries
1986
Coadaptation can occur either because of local adaptation in a geographically widespread population and/or because of intrinsic adaptation to the state of other genes or chomosomes. In either event, hybridization between animals with differently coadapted gene or chromosomal complexes can result in a decrease in fertility, viability, etc. in the initial hybrids and especially in later generations. This is known as an outbreeding depression. Moreover, releasing animals not adapted to the local environment can seriously hamper the effectiveness of a reintroduction program, and hybridization can also destroy the local adaptation. Coadapted gene complexes are best detected through studies on na…