Search results for "medical science"
showing 10 items of 1442 documents
Standardised functional assessment in long-term care for older people: perspective of Finnish care workers
2021
Objective measures and documentation are increasingly used in the care for older people to promote efficiency and productivity. A standardised assessment of functional capacity is one such measure. In this study, we examined the meanings given to standardised functional assessment by care workers who provide long-term care for older people. Gathered from eight Finnish long-term care facilities, the data consisted of one-on-one interviews with practical and registered nurses (n = 24). In the data analysis, we employed the discursive approach. We identified three discourses in the care workers’ talks that differed in the meaning given to standardised functional assessment in the process of ca…
Exploring nursing competence to care for older patients in municipal in‐patient acute care: A qualitative study
2019
Aim To identify critical aspects of nursing competence to care for older patients in the context of municipal in-patient acute care. Background An increasingly complex and advanced primary healthcare system requires attention to the extent of nursing competence in municipal services. However, competence in complex and advanced care settings must be explored using perspectives which acknowledge the complexity of nurses' performance. Design A phenomenological hermeneutic, qualitative approach with individual in-depth interviews was used. COREQ reporting guidelines have been applied. Methods A sample of eight nurses and two physicians employed in municipal in-patient acute care units (MAUs) we…
Facilitating nursing students’ acquisition of knowledge about the public health perspective in nursing: Experiences from a pilot project
2017
Knowledge about public health and public health work is important for meeting current and future health challenges. A group of nursing students in a cohort participated in a practicum programme pertaining to the study of the academic subject ‘Nursing and Society’. The municipality’s public healthcare services were the learning arena. The purpose of this pilot project was to explore whether participation in the municipality’s public healthcare services is a pedagogical approach that enhances nursing students’ acquisition of knowledge about the public health perspective in nursing. Combined methods were used in the evaluation. Data were collected through focus-group interviews and questionna…
Alcohol use, aquatic injury, and unintentional drowning: A systematic literature review
2018
Issues: Drowning is a global public health issue, and there is a strong association between alcohol and risk of drowning. No previous systematic review known to date has identified factors associated with alcohol use and engagement in aquatic activities resulting in injury or drowning (fatal and non-fatal). Approach: Literature published from inception until 31 January 2017 was reviewed. Included articles were divided into three categories: (i) prevalence and/or risk factors for alcohol-related fatal and non-fatal drowning and aquatic injury, (ii) understanding alcohol use and aquatic activities, and (iii) prevention strategies. Methodological quality of studies was assessed using National …
Reply: Externalities and citation practices
2016
Dr. Shiri raises some important questions on the results in our short report "Externalities and article citations: experience of a national public health journal (Gaceta Sanitaria)"[1]. We welcome any debate on the topic of citations research because little evidence is available on this topic and exchange between readers, authors, and editors contributes to enrich this discussion.
Defining the Field of Behavioral Medicine: A Collaborative Endeavor.
2017
Purpose: To respond to comments on our proposal for an update of the definition and scope of behavioral medicine. Methods: We identify common themes in the comments and provide a response. Results: We discuss the relationship of behavioral medicine to other disciplines and fields, the scope of behavioral medicine, and issues related to the application of behavioral medicine. Conclusion: Based on the comments of our esteemed colleagues and our reflection on those comments, we now offer the following refined definition and scope of behavioral medicine. ‘Behavioral medicine can be defined as the field characterized by the collaboration among multiple disciplines concerned with the development …
Proposal for an Update of the Definition and Scope of Behavioral Medicine
2017
Purpose: We aim to provide an update of the definition and scope of behavioral medicine in the Charter of ISBM, as the present version was developed more than 25 years ago. Methods: We identify issues which need clarification or updating. This leads us to propose an update of the definition and scope of behavioral medicine. Results: Issues in need of clarification or updating include the scope of behavioral medicine (biobehavioral mechanisms, clinical diagnosis and intervention, and prevention and health promotion); research as an essential characteristic of all three areas of behavioral medicine; the application of behavioral medicine; the terminology of behavioral medicine as a multidisci…
Severe plasma prekallikrein deficiency : clinical characteristics, novel KLKB1 mutations, and estimated prevalence
2020
BACKGROUND Severe plasma prekallikrein (PK) deficiency is an autosomal-recessive defect characterized by isolated activated partial thromboplastin time prolongation. To date, no comprehensive methodologically firm analysis has investigated the diagnostic, clinical, and genetic characteristics of PK deficiency, and its prevalence remains unknown. PATIENTS/METHODS We described new families with PK deficiency, retrieved clinical and laboratory information of cases systematically searched in the (gray) literature, and collected blood of these cases for complementary analyses. The Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) and the population-based Gutenberg Health Study served to study the prevalence …
Burden of illness of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis in the US, UK, France, and Germany: study rationale and protocol of the PICTURE st…
2021
Background: Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is an ultra-rare disease with a considerable burden on pediatric patients and their caregivers, impacting quality of life (QoL). The mortality rates highlight a significant need for efficacious treatments. Real-world data on associated costs and QoL are needed to gauge the potential impact of new pharmacological treatments. Methods: Clinical and socio-economic burden of PFIC on patients/caregivers, health systems, and society will be assessed. Patient/caregiver- and physician-level retrospective cross-sectional data will be collected from the US, UK, France, and Germany, for PFIC types 1, 2, 3. A representative sample of physi…
Postoperative education concerning the use of the upper limb, and exercise and treatment of the upper limb: cross-sectional survey of 105 breast canc…
2003
In this retrospective survey we investigated the recall of breast cancer patients (n=105) 6 months after the operation concerning postoperative instructions on exercises for shoulder mobility, and instructions for oedema prevention and treatment, upper limb strength training and the use of the upper limb in daily activities. Patients also described the content in their own words and ranked the instructors who had mostly given this education. Operation type and length of hospital stay did not have any effect on the education recalled, but the age of the respondent had some effect (r=−0.23, p<0.05). The Wilcoxon signed ranks test showed that the most commonly reported item was instructions on…