Search results for "near-infrared"

[Cr(ddpd) 2 ] 3+ : A Molecular, Water‐Soluble, Highly NIR‐Emissive Ruby Analogue

2015

Bright, long-lived emission from first-row transition-metal complexes is very challenging to achieve. Herein, we present a new strategy relying on the rational tuning of energy levels. With the aid of the large N-Cr-N bite angle of the tridentate ligand ddpd (N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dipyridine-2-ylpyridine-2,6-diamine) and its strong σ-donating capabilities, a very large ligand-field splitting could be introduced in the chromium(III) complex [Cr(ddpd)2](3+), that shifts the deactivating and photoreactive (4)T2 state well above the emitting (2)E state. Prevention of back-intersystem crossing from the (2)E to the (4)T2 state enables exceptionally high near-infrared phosphorescence quantum yields a…

A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Examination of the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Shifting in Dimensional Change Card Sort Task

2020

This study aims to examine the neural correlates of cognitive shifting during the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task (DCCS) task with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Altogether 49 children completed the DCCS tasks, and 25 children (Mage = 68.66, SD = 5.3) passing all items were classified into the Switch group. Twenty children (Mage = 62.05, SD = 8.13) committing more than one perseverative errors were grouped into the Perseverate group. The Switch group had Brodmann Area (BA) 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 6, 9, 10, 40, and 44 in the post-switch period. In contrast, the Perseverate group had BA 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 8, 9, 10 in the pos…

Segmentation of Hyperspectral Images for the Detection of Rotten Mandarins

2008

The detection of rotten citrus in packing lines is carried out manually under ultraviolet illumination, which is dangerous for workers. Light emitted by the rotten region of the fruit due to the ultraviolet-induced fluorescence is used by the operator to detect the damages. This procedure is required because the low contrast between the damaged and sound skin under visible illumination difficult their detection. We study a set of techniques aimed to detect rottenness in citrususing visible and near infrared lighting trough an hyperspectral imaging system. Methods for selecting a proper set of wavelengths are investigated such as correlation analysis, mutual information, stepwise or genetic …

MULTISPECTRAL VENOUS IMAGES ANALYSIS FOR OPTIMUM ILLUMINATION SELECTION

2013

International audience; Intravenous (IV) catheterization is the most important phase in medical practices of daily life. It is hard to localize veins in patients who have deep veins, minor age or dark skin; hence multiple attempts become indispensable for proper catheterization in such cases. Near Infrared (NIR) Imaging allow to visualize the veins underneath the skin of persons having non-visibility of veins problem. This paper reports the pre-selection of illuminants that ensure best veins/tissues contrast for patients having different skin tone. The sample subjects have been divided in four different classes based on the Luminance value of their skin tone in order to extract the best ill…

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) for Noninvasive Plant Diagnostics

2013

Partitioning study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons between water and some selected water-insoluble phases

2007

An investigation on the partitioning of naphthalene and phenanthrene between water and some water-insoluble phases has been carried out by Uv-vis-NIR spectrophotometry. The analysis of the experimental results emphasized the role of intermolecular interactions and structural features of the hosting phases as driving forces of the partitioning of these polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The critical comparison of the resulting distribution constants allowed to evaluate the potentials of some extracting phases to set up sensitive analytical methods and/or effective environment remediation technologies.

Flow injection near-infrared determination of ethanol in chloroform

1995

A simple and direct flow injection (FIA) procedure has been developed for the determination of the stabilizing agent ethanol in chloroform samples. The procedure is based on the use of the absorbance band of ethanol in the near-infrared (NIR) region at 2272 nm, measured in front of a reference sample of chloroform stabilized with amylene. The method developed provides a limit of detection of 0.0045% (v/v) and a dynamic range until 10% (v/v) with a typical variation coefficient of 0.4% for six independent analysis of a real sample containing approximately 1% (v/v) of ethanol. The sample injection frequency allowed by the method is 78 h−1.

Determination of edible oil parameters by near infrared spectrometry

2006

Abstract A chemometric method has been developed for the determination of acidity and peroxide index in edible oils of different types and origins by using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) measurements. Different methods for selecting the calibration set, after an hierarchical cluster analysis, were applied. After discrimination of olive oils from maize, seed and sunflower, the prediction capabilities of partial least squares (PLS) multivariate calibration of NIR data were evaluated. Several preprocessing alternatives (first derivative, multiplicative scatter correction, vector normalization, constant offset elimination, mean centering and standard normal variate) were investigated by using…

Near infrared determination of Diuron in pesticide formulations

2005

Abstract A simple, fast and environmentally friendly near infrared (NIR)-based methodology was developed for Diuron determination in pesticide formulations. This methodology was based on the pesticide extraction with acetonitrile and subsequent transmittance measurement determination by peak area measurement between 2021 and 2047 nm, corrected with a single point baseline established at 2071 nm. The repeatability, as relative standard deviation of five independent analysis of a 15.3 mg g −1 Diuron standard was 0.03% and the limit of detection 0.013 mg g −1 . The reagent consumption was clearly reduced in front of a chromatographic reference procedure from 39.1 ml acetonitrile per sample, re…

Mid- and near-infrared determination of metribuzin in agrochemicals

2008

Abstract Two infrared-based methodologies were developed for metribuzin determination in pesticide formulations after extraction with acetonitrile. Fourier transform mid infrared (MIR) procedure was based on peak area measurements between 1692 and 1670 cm −1 corrected with a baseline fixed at 1877 cm −1 . Fourier transform near infrared (NIR) determination was made by measuring the peak area between 6498 and 6332 cm −1 corrected using a two points baseline defined between 6570 and 6212 cm −1 . Repeatability, as relative standard deviation, of 5 independent measurements at mg g −1 concentration level was 0.3% and 0.03% for MIR and NIR, respectively, and limit of detection values of 9 and 17 …