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showing 10 items of 5435 documents

Role of Single Low Pulse Intensity of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over the Frontal Cortex for Cognitive Function

2020

Background: The principal aim of this study was to measure the effect of online single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on cognition via the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) in healthy individuals. Methods: In a single-blind, sham-controlled study, we assessed both 50% and 60% of the resting motor threshold (RMT) over the right DLPFC in healthy right-handed (n = 42) adults using cognitive function, such as attention and memory, as a measure via CANTAB. Results: We observed an improvement in the cognitive function level during the use of online low intensities of 50% and 60% RMT active stimulation …

medicine.medical_specialtysubthreshold TMSFrontal cortexcognitive functionsmedicine.medical_treatmentStimulationAudiologybehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologylcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineNeuromodulationmedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPulse intensitylcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological PsychiatryOriginal Researchdorsolateral prefrontal cortexbusiness.industryCambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery05 social sciencesmonophasic TMSCognitionHuman NeuroscienceTranscranial magnetic stimulationDorsolateral prefrontal cortexPsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologynervous systemneuromodulationbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerypsychological phenomena and processesFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Bone marrow evaluation according to the PVSG and WHO criteria in 90 essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients treated with PEG interferon alpha-2b. Pre…

2005

Abstract Ninety ET patients diagnosed according to the PVSG criteria were enrolled in a phase II study (sponsored by the Schering-Plough Company) designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of a two years treatment with PEG Interferon alpha-2 b (PEG Intron). The patients, observed in 16 Italian Centres belonging to the GIMEMA Cooperative Group and judged at high risk, had been previously treated with cytoreductive (97%) and antiplatelet (91%) drugs. At the study start the patients, 60 F and 30 M, mean age 45 years, showed splenomegaly in 22% of cases. The Hematological Response (HR: PLT<500 x109/L) was observed in 64/81 (79%) and 48/55 (87%) of the patients on PEG Intr…

medicine.medical_specialtythrombocythemia (ET) patientsImmunologyEssential Thrombocythemia (ET); PEG Interferon alpha-2b.Phases of clinical researchAlpha (ethology)BiochemistryGastroenterologyPEG Interferon alpha-2bFibrosisInternal medicinePEG ratioBiopsyMedicineEssential Thrombocythemia (ET)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryEssential thrombocythemiaCell BiologyHematologymedicine.diseaseSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureTolerabilityBone marrow evaluationBone marrowbusiness
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Commentary: Preliminary Evidence for Training-Induced Changes of Morphology and Phantom Limb Pain

2019

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a special prosthetic training in phantom limb pain patients aimed at increasing the functional use of the prosthesis leads to neural morphological plasticity of brain structures and a reduction in phantom limb pain. For chronic pain disorders, it was shown that morphological alterations due to pain might become at least partially reversed by pain therapies. Phantom limb pain is a chronic pain disorder that is frequently followed by neural plasticity of anatomical brain structures. In our study, 10 patients with amputation of the upper limb participated in a two-week training with a myoelectric prosthesis with somatosensory feedback. Grip stre…

medicine.medical_specialtyvisiontactile feedbackPhantom limb painlcsh:RC321-571Behavioral NeurosciencePhysical medicine and rehabilitationsomatosensory feedbackMedicinepassive stimulationactive traininglcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological Psychiatryvirtual reality (VR)Original Researchphantom limb pain (PLP)business.industrygray matterupper limb amputationbody regionsPsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologyplasticityprosthesisbusinessNeuroscienceFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Event-related potentials to unattended changes in facial expressions: detection of regularity violations or encoding of emotions?

2013

Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN), a component in event-related potentials (ERPs), can be elicited when rarely presented “deviant” facial expressions violate regularity formed by repeated “standard” faces. vMMN is observed as differential ERPs elicited between the deviant and standard faces. It is not clear, however, whether differential ERPs to rare emotional faces interspersed with repeated neutral ones reflect true vMMN (i.e., detection of regularity violation) or merely encoding of the emotional content in the faces. Furthermore, a face-sensitive N170 response, which reflects structural encoding of facial features, can be modulated by emotional expressions. Owing to its similar latency …

medicine.medical_specialtyvisual mismatch negativityFuture studiesMismatch negativityfacial expressionsStimulus (physiology)Audiology050105 experimental psychologylcsh:RC321-571Developmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscienceequiprobable condition0302 clinical medicineEvent-related potentialvisuaalinen poikkeavuusnegatiivisuusmedicineoddball condition0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesEmotional expressionOriginal Research Articleilmeetlcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatryta515Biological Psychiatryta113Facial expression05 social sciencesEqual probabilityriippumattomien komponenttien analyysikasvonilmeetPsychiatry and Mental healthitsenäisten komponenttien analyysiNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyindependent component analysisScalpPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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EFFICACY OF REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION/TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION IN COGNITIVE NEUROREHABILITATION

2008

Summary: Cognitive deficits are a common consequence of neurologic disease, in particular, of traumatic brain injury, stroke, and neurodegenerative disorders, and there is evidence that specific cognitive training may be effective in cognitive rehabilitation. Several investigations emphasize the fact that interacting with cortical activity, by means of cortical stimulation, can positively affect the short-term cognitive performance and improve the rehabilitation potential of neurologic patients. In this respect, preliminary evidence suggests that cortical stimulation may play a role in treating aphasia, unilateral neglect, and other cognitive disorders. Several possible mechanisms can accou…

medicine.medical_treatmentBiophysicsLANGUAGE050105 experimental psychologylcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesCognitive rehabilitation therapylcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryNeurorehabilitationCerebral CortexRehabilitationTranscranial direct-current stimulationSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaGeneral NeuroscienceTRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION05 social sciencesMEMORYATTENTIONCognitionCOGNITIVE REHABILITATIONTranscranial Magnetic StimulationCognitive trainingTranscranial magnetic stimulationTreatment OutcomeCOGNITIVE DEFICITSBrain stimulationREPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATIONTranscutaneous Electric Nerve StimulationNeurology (clinical)PsychologyCognition DisordersNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Enhancing memory performance with rTMS in healthy subjects and individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: the role of the right dorsolateral prefron…

2012

A debated question in the literature is the degree of anatomical and functional lateralization of the executive control processes subserved by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during recognition memory retrieval. We investigated if transient inhibition and excitation of the left and right DLPFC at retrieval by means of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulate recognition memory performance in 100 healthy controls (HCs) and in 8 patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Recognition memory tasks of faces, buildings and words were used in different experiments. rTMS-inhibition of the right DLPFC enhanced recognition memory of verbal and non verbal material in…

medicine.medical_treatmentDLPFC; MCI; rTMS; recognition memory; retrievalMemory performanceDLPFCrecognition memorybehavioral disciplines and activitiesBehavioral Neurosciencemental disordersrTMSmedicineOriginal Research ArticleCognitive impairmentretrievalBiological PsychiatryRecognition memorySettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaHealthy subjectsFunctional lateralizationMCIDorsolateral prefrontal cortexTranscranial magnetic stimulationPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologynervous systemNeurologyRight dorsolateral prefrontal cortexPsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesNeuroscience
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68 ga-dotatoc pet/ct follow up after single or hypofractionated gamma knife icon radiosurgery for meningioma patients

2021

68Ga-DOTATOC represents a useful tool in tumor contouring for radiosurgery planning. We present a case series of patients affected by meningiomas on who we performed 68Ga-DOTATOC positron emission tomography (PET)/CT pre-operatively, a subgroup of which also underwent a post-operative 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT to evaluate the standardized uptake value (SUV) modification after Gamma Knife ICON treatment in single or hypofractionated fractions. Twenty patients were enrolled/included in this study: ten females and ten males. The median age was 52 years (range 33–80). The median tumor diameter was 3.68 cm (range 0.12–22.26 cm), and the median pre-radiotherapy maximum SUV value was 11 (range 2.3–92). …

medicine.medical_treatmentStandardized uptake valueGalliumGamma knifeRadiosurgeryRadiosurgeryArticlelcsh:RC321-57168ga dotatocMeningioma03 medical and health sciences<sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT0302 clinical medicinemedicinelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryPET-CTContouringmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGamma KnifeGeneral NeuroscienceFollow upmedicine.diseasePositron emission tomography030220 oncology & carcinogenesisNuclear medicinebusiness68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CTMeningiomaHypofractionated030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Hemispheric Differences in Functional Interactions Between the Dorsal Lateral Prefrontal Cortex and Ipsilateral Motor Cortex

2020

Background: The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in both hemispheres have a central integrative function for motor control and behavior. Understanding the hemispheric difference between DLPFC and ipsilateral motor cortex connection in the resting-state will provide fundamental knowledge to explain the different roles DLPFC plays in motor behavior. Purpose: The current study tested the interactions between the ipsilateral DLPFC and the primary motor cortex (M1) in each hemisphere at rest. We hypothesized that left DLPFC has a greater inhibitory effect on the ipsilateral M1 compared to the right DLPFC. Methods: Fourteen right-handed subjects were tested in a dual-coil paired-pulse parad…

medicine.medical_treatmentStimulus (physiology)behavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologyLateralization of brain functionlcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinetranscranial magnetic stimulationmental disordersmedicine0501 psychology and cognitive scienceshemispheric differenceslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological PsychiatryOriginal Researchdorsolateral prefrontal cortexprimary motor cortexbusiness.industryfunctional connectivity05 social sciencesMotor controlHuman NeuroscienceDorsolateral prefrontal cortexTranscranial magnetic stimulationPsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyFacilitationPrimary motor cortexbusinessNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processes030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMotor cortexFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Neural Mechanisms of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Chronic Pain: A Network-Based fMRI Approach

2021

AbstractOver 100 million Americans suffer from chronic pain (CP), which causes more disability than any other medical condition in the U.S. at a cost of $560-$635 billion per year (IOM, 2011). Opioid analgesics are frequently used to treat CP. However, long term use of opioids can cause brain changes such as opioid-induced hyperalgesia that, over time, increase pain sensation. Also, opioids fail to treat complex psychological factors that worsen pain-related disability, including beliefs about and emotional responses to pain. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be efficacious for CP. However, CBT generally does not focus on important factors needed for long-term functional improvement, i…

medicine.medical_treatmentgraph theoryneural mechanismNIH ToolboxAcceptance and commitment therapylcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineQuality of life (healthcare)030202 anesthesiologymedicineAcceptance and Commitment Therapylcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological PsychiatryDefault mode networkOriginal Researchmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryfunctional connectivityfMRIChronic painCognitionCenter for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scalemedicine.diseasebrain networksCognitive behavioral therapyPsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologyFunctional magnetic resonance imagingbusinesschronic pain030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychologyNeuroscienceFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Kulttuurin diagnostisoitumisen tutkimus kulttuuriteoreettisesta näkökulmasta : teoreettis-metodologisia lähtökohtia

2023

Kulttuurin diagnostisoituminen on diskursiivinen ilmiö ja prosessi, jossa lähtökohtaisesti lääketieteen taudinmääritteiksi tarkoitetut ja spesifit diagnoosinimikkeet saavat yhä keskeisemmän sijan kulttuurissa. Erityisesti tämä näkyy psykiatristen ja neuropsykiatristen diagnoosien leviämisenä psykiatrian ja lääketieteen piiristä osaksi muuta kulttuuria. Kulttuuri puolestaan hahmottuu tässä yhteydessä kulttuurintutkimuksen piirissä kehitettyjen kulttuuriteorioiden mukaisesti merkityksenannon järjestelmäksi. Tätä kulttuurin diagnostisoitumisen ilmiötä analysoidaan monilla humanistisilla ja yhteiskuntatieteellisillä aloilla. Tässä kirjan luvussa saatetaan yhteen aiemman tutkimuksen havaintoja j…

medikalisaatiokulttuuriteoriatmielenterveyshäiriötdiagnoosidiskurssintutkimusterveyskäsityksetkulttuurintutkimusneuropsykiatriset häiriöt
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