Search results for "pemphigus"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
Cleavage of desmoglein 3 can explain its depletion from keratinocytes in pemphigus vulgaris.
2008
We have previously demonstrated that serum of patients with pemphigus vulgaris induces reduction of desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) half-life in keratinocytes (FEBS Lett 2006: 580: 3276). This phenomenon seems to occur as a consequence of the progressive depletion of Dsg3 from desmosomes. Here we reported that reduction of full-length Dsg3 may be due to its progressive cleavage, leading to the formation of two fragmentation products with apparent molecular masses of about 60 kDa (fragment 1) and 70 kDa (fragment 2), as revealed by Western blotting. Unexpectedly, analysis of fragmentation pattern suggested cleavage to occur intracellularly. Consistently, fragment 1 was shed and localized within the cyto…
Immune-Mediated Desquamative Gingivitis and Optical Coherence Tomography Diagnostic Patterns: Clinical Implication from a Systematic Review
2021
Desquamative Gingivitis (DG) comprises heterogeneous clinical manifestations of numerous immune-mediated muco-cutaneous diseases. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been proposed as a valuable diagnostic support even if, to date, there are no standardized OCT-diagnostic patterns applicable to DGs. A systematic review was performed to detect existing data on in vivo OCT diagnostic patterns of the most common immune-mediated DGs (i.e., pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid and oral lichen planus). It has been found that OCT exhibits specific patterns that address the diagnosis of DG by pemphigus vulgaris (i.e., intraepithelial unilocular blister, reduced epithelial thickness, pre…
Plasmid-encoded anthranilate synthase (TrpEG) in Buchnera aphidicola from aphids of the family pemphigidae
1999
Aphids are dependent on an intracellular symbiont (Buchnera aphidicola, Proteobacteria) for normal growth and reproduction (7, 19, 45). The bacteria reside in specialized cells in the aphid hemocele and are transmitted maternally through infection of eggs or embryos (11, 26). Phylogenetic studies have revealed two major characteristics of the evolutionary history of the association (37, 39); (i) the symbiosis had a single origin, dated about 150 million to 250 million years ago; and (ii) host and symbiont lineages have since diverged strictly in parallel. The association, like other symbioses in insects feeding on restricted and unbalanced diets, is thought to have a nutritional basis (5–7,…
Treatment of pemphigus vulgaris with mycophenolate mofetil
1997
different pattern of diffusion changes in a 51-year-old woman with chronic epilepsy and recurrent episodes of focal status epilepticus, for whom no aetiology could be established. Status consisted of clonic jerking of the right leg, which continued for 22 days and was followed by transient paresis. DWI during status showed decreased diffusion in the motor cortex of the right leg (relative decrease in ADC of 27%, see figure). Surprisingly, the diffusion was increased in the subcortical white matter (relative increase in ADC of 31%). On the T2-weighted image (not shown), both cortex and subcortical white matter of the corresponding region returned a high signal similar to previously reported …
Diagnostic Concordance between Optical Coherence Tomography and Histological Investigations for Immune-Mediated Desquamative Gingivitis: Observationa…
2021
Desquamative gingivitis (DG) denotes a heterogeneous immune-mediated disease for which early diagnosis represents a great challenge. The main aim of this study is to validate diagnostic concordance between specific Optical Coherence Tomography (OTC) patterns for DG related to oral Lichen Planus (OLP), Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV), and Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP) and definitive histological diagnosis. Forty-three patients with suspected immune-mediated DGs, were progressively recruited. Before biopsy, an OCT preliminary evaluation was performed using specific pre-determined OCT diagnostic patterns (i.e., morphology and localization of blisters, status of the basal membrane, epithelial thickn…
Diagnostics of autoimmune bullous diseases in German dermatology departments
2012
Summary Background: No consistent data are available on the currently employed diagnostic tools for autoimmune bullous diseases in Germany. The aim of this survey was to describe currently performed diagnostic methods for bullous autoimmune diseases in German dermatology departments. Methods: A standardized questionnaire evaluated the available diagnostic methods i. e. direct immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM), indirect IFM, commercial ELISA systems, and non-commercial serological tests as well as the number of samples per year in all 34 university and 39 non-university dermatology departments. Results: The overall return rate was 89 %, 100 % and 79 % for the university and non-university …
Diagnostic Pathways and Clinical Significance of Desquamative Gingivitis
2008
The term desquamative gingivitis (DG) refers to a clinical manifestation that can be caused by several disorders. Many of them are immunologically mediated; in addition to the oral cavity, they can affect extraoral mucocutaneous sites, e.g., larynx, conjunctiva, esophagus, nasal and genital mucosa, and the skin. The degree of oral, periodontal, and systemic involvement determines the overall morbidity and, sometimes, the mortality of these disorders. We comprehensively review disorders commonly associated with DG and highlight diagnostic pathways, guidelines for differential diagnosis, and oral, periodontal, and systemic implications. More rare conditions are reviewed as well. Mucous membra…
CEFACLOR INDUCED PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS
2004
Pemphigus is a chronic disease with an outcome that is not without risk. It is characterised by loss of the intraepithelial cell-cell relationship (acantholysis). Underlying the disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the desmosomes are damaged by antibodies directed against particular molecules called desmogleins (particularly 3 and 1). Various types of pemphigus have been described with different antibody profiles and clinical signs. In the present paper, a case of pemphigus vulgaris associated with the medication cefaclor monohydrate is reported. Histological and immunological evaluation of the biopsy sample led to a diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris. The patient, who was not hospitalis…
Evaluation of desmoglein 1 and 3 autoantibodies in pemphigus vulgaris: correlation with disease severity
2020
Background Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes caused by autoantibodies against desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) and desmoglein 3 (Dsg3). Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is the most common form of pemphigus. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the levels of anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 autoantibodies and the severity of PV disease. Material and Methods Nineteen newly diagnosed patients with pemphigus vulgaris were enrolled in this study. The titers of Dsg in subjects by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were done at diagnosis time-point, 4th and 8th weeks after the initiation of treatment, and the correlation of antibodies with the oral…
Fallberichte
2004
High-dose immunoglobulins (IVIG) are important agents in the treatment of numerous autoimmune disorders. In the field of dermatology, increasing numbers of patients with bullous autoimmune disorders and mixed connective tissue diseases have been treated. We successfully treated a patient with pemphigus vulgaris with IVIG, after he had developed osteonecrosis of his right femoral head while on azathioprine and corticosteroids. After reduction of oral corticosteroids, his disease flared dramatically. The addition of a high dose immunosuppressive regimen including azathioprine and dapsone failed to help. Thus high dose IVIG (2 mg/kg, 4 weeks interval) therapy was initiated and induced complete…