Search results for "photovoltaic"

Solar pavements: A critical review

2021

Abstract Resilient, smart and sustainable: these are the keywords for the next generation of road infrastructures. As a renewable and environment-friendly energy harvesting pavement, the concept of a solar pavement has become one of the most researched new highway transportation infrastructures with a goal to transform the road system from the energy consumer to the energy provider, and eliminate or alleviate pollution from the source of energy. At present, the commercial technology through photovoltaic is limited by space installation requirements, which restricts its popularization and application. On the other hand, applying photovoltaic power generation technology to the pavement can pr…

Applying Dynamic Performance Management to the Photovoltaic Sector: the Municipality of Palermo case study

Today, the even more compelling need to limit carbon dioxide emissions from energy generation – to address the ongoing global warming – implies the recourse to renewable energy sources (RESs). Indeed, these latter are able to meet energy demand into a more sustainable way. Considering the EU targets for the year 2020 in the matter of climate and energy, public organizations are expected to take an active role e.g. by adopting and promoting RESs. In Italy, over the last decade, among the various technologies based on RESs, solar PV technology witnessed a remarkable growth thanks to the support of a government incentive scheme, which ceased to be applied in 2013. Since then, the PV power inst…

Critical assessment of support for the evolution of photovoltaics and feed-in tariff(s) in Italy

2015

Abstract The feed-in tariff(s) mechanism involves an obligation on the part of an electricity provider to purchase electricity generated by renewable energy sources in its relevant area, paying a tariff determined by public authorities and guaranteed for a specific time period. Feed-in tariff(s) have been the primary mechanism used for supporting the development of renewable energy sources in the EU and, up to date, they are being applied in 20 EU Member Countries. On 6 July 2013, the Italian experience with feed-in tariff(s) for photovoltaic systems finished. During its lifetime of eight years, this incentive mechanism, named “Conto Energia”, was characterized by periods of great success f…

Study and simulation of photovoltaic installation connected to the grid with storage system

2016

In the present paper, a new approach to the management of energy resources in a research laboratory is proposed and evaluated by a simulation for the PV installation realized for the Tunisian-Italian cooperation project DE.DU.ENER.T, using renewable energy and economic criteria. The aim of this project is to improve energy efficiency order to minimize the electricity cost consumed at the laboratory, because according to the bills of electricity received we noticed that there is a high consumption of electrical current, from the STEG grid, and especially by the energy intensive equipment such as drying ovens and all the workstations. So we targeted to install a photovoltaic field of 12KWc to…

Performance of zero energy homes in smart village skarpnes

2016

In Smart Village Skarpnes in southern Norway, five detached houses are designed as zero energy homes. This work reports on the photovoltaic (PV) power production and energy consumption behavior of these homes and discusses whether an annual zero energy budget may be achieved. Results so far indicate that the extremely low annual energy consumption assumed for these types of homes may be difficult to achieve, and also point at a need for better matching between production and consumption power profiles. Performance results are based on monitoring data combined with estimated performances from PVsyst simulations. The work is part of a larger research project that investigates how the introduc…

Structural quality of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites for photovoltaic applications analyzed by electron microscopy techniques

2016

Fast determination of impurities in metallurgical grade silicon for photovoltaics by instrumental neutron activation analysis

2010

Standard wafer solar cells are made of near-semiconductor quality silicon. This high quality material makes up a significant part of the total costs of a solar module. Therefore, new concepts with less expensive so called solar grade silicon directly based on physiochemically upgraded metallurgical grade silicon are investigated. Metallurgical grade silicon contains large amounts of impurities, mainly transition metals like Fe, Cr, Mn, and Co, which degrade the minority carrier lifetime and thus the solar cell efficiency. A major reduction of the transition metal content occurs during the unidirectional crystallization due to the low segregation coefficient between the solid and liquid phas…

Efficient vacuum deposited p-i-n and n-i-p perovskite solar cells employing doped charge transport layers

2016

Methylammonium lead halide perovskites have emerged as high performance photovoltaic materials. Most of these solar cells are prepared via solution-processing and record efficiencies (>20%) have been obtained employing perovskites with mixed halides and organic cations on (mesoscopic) metal oxides. Here, we demonstrate fully vacuum deposited planar perovskite solar cells by depositing methylammonium lead iodide in between intrinsic and doped organic charge transport molecules. Two configurations, one inverted with respect to the other, p-i-n and n-i-p, are prepared and optimized leading to planar solar cells without hysteresis and very high efficiencies, 16.5% and 20%, respectively. It is t…

Data sets for energy rating of photovoltaic modules

2013

Abstract A proposal for generating standard climatic data sets for use in energy rating of photovoltaic (PV) modules is presented which will give a good comparability between different technologies. The current proposal of standard data sets consisting of “typical days” do not give realistic estimates of PV performance and thus is not sufficient as a rating standard. A dataset striking the balance between being significant for any location but does not consisting of too much data is required. A method to generate such a dataset is presented, meeting all the requirements of an international standard while being sufficiently accurate to differentiate between different devices of different man…

A novel meta-heuristic optimization algorithm based MPPT control technique for PV systems under complex partial shading condition

2021

Abstract The need to combat the increase in global warming is well taken by solar energy lead renewable energy resources. The techno-economic feasibility of solar systems in the form of photovoltaic (PV) generation is highly dependent upon its operating conditions. The nonlinear control problem is further worsened by partial shading (PS) environment causing major power losses. Bio-inspired maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control techniques, in literature, exhibit some major common drawbacks such as high tracking and settling time, oscillations at global maxima (GM), and local maxima (LM) trapping under PS conditions. This paper presents a novel search and rescue (SRA) optimization algor…