Search results for "picea"
showing 10 items of 113 documents
Sulphur Stored in Forest Soils and the Relative Importance of Organic and Inorganic Forms. Examples from Mont-Lozère (Southern Massif Central)
1995
From studies initiated in 1981, the mean annual hydrochemical budget established in three experiment watersheds at Mont-Lozere demonstrated that sulphur is retained in soils and in arenaceous formations (Lelong et al. 1990). Soils were developed on weathered granite materials that were strongly reworked by periglacial processes. One watershed is covered with grasses (Bassin de la Cloutasse) and the two others by forest. A beech coppice (Fagus sylvatica L.) and a Norway spruce forest (Picea abies (L.) Karst., hereafter shortened to “spruce”) occupy the Bassin de La Sapine (54 ha) and the Bassin of La Latte (20 ha), respectively. Unfortunately, as a result of a parasite attack, a large part o…
Effects of sewage sludge addition to Norway spruce seedlings on nitrogen availability and soil fauna in clear-cut areas
2012
Anaerobically digested and composted sewage sludge (CSS) has been suggested to be a slow-release fertilizer in forestry and an alternative to quick-release inorganic fertilizers. The effects of CSS with or without added carbohydrate on inorganic nitrogen availability and on soil animals were tested in two Norway spruce plantations. Half of the seedlings were individually fertilized with CSS, and the rest were left as controls. Solid sucrose was added to half of the fertilized and untreated seedlings. Soil samples were taken in the autumn in the first and the second year after the treatments. CSS increased soil NH4-N (2100%), the proportion of soil NO3-N, and the N concentration of spruce ne…
Comparative study of historical woods from XIX century by thermogravimetry coupled with FTIR spectroscopy
2019
Thermal and structural properties of historical woods from apparatuses of the Historical Collection of the Physics Instruments of the University of Palermo have been investigated by FTIR spectroscopy coupled with thermogravimetric analysis. Specifically, the wooden portions of apparatuses from XIX century have been studied. The investigated woods belong to different taxa (Swietenia mahagoni, Picea abies and Juglans regia). The thermal behavior of the wooden materials has been successfully interpreted on the basis of specific indexes determined by the quantitative analysis of the FTIR spectra. The kinetics of the wood pyrolysis have been investigated by using a non-isothermal approach based …
The Norway spruce genome sequence and conifer genome evolution
2013
Conifers have dominated forests for more than 200 million years and are of huge ecological and economic importance. Here we present the draft assembly of the 20-gigabase genome of Norway spruce (Picea abies), the first available for any gymnosperm. The number of well-supported genes (28,354) is similar to the >100 times smaller genome of Arabidopsis thaliana, and there is no evidence of a recent whole-genome duplication in the gymnosperm lineage. Instead, the large genome size seems to result from the slow and steady accumulation of a diverse set of long-terminal repeat transposable elements, possibly owing to the lack of an efficient elimination mechanism. Comparative sequencing of Pinu…
Parastās egles Picea abies L. ietekme uz mālsmilts augsnes virskārtas īpašībām bijušajās lauksaimniecībā izmantojamā zemē Taurenes apkārtnē
2016
Latvijā, kā arī citās Eiropas valstīs pēc 1990. gada strauji palielinājās pamesto lauksaimniecībā izmantojamo zemju(LIZ) platības. Zemju neapsaimniekošanas dēļ uz bijušajām LIZ attīstījās sekundārā sukcesija un apmežošanas process. Apmežošanas izraisa veģetācijas, mikroklimata un augsnes īpašību izmaiņas uz bijušajām LIZ zemēm. Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot egles (Picea abies L.) ietekmi uz augsnes īpašībām (ķīmiskajām, morfoloģiskajām, fizikālajām) Taurenes apkārtnē, Vidzemē. Bakalaura darbā tika apkopotas dabiskās un antropogēnās ietekmes uz bijušo LIZ apmežošanas procesu. Pētījuma rezultāti rāda, ka parastā egle ietekmē apmaiņas katjonu koncentrāciju augsnē un to telpisko izplatību mālsm…
Microbial Community Structure and Density Under Different Tree Species in an Acid Forest Soil (Morvan, France)
2005
Overexploitation of forests to increase wood production has led to the replacement of native forest by large areas of monospecific tree plantations. In the present study, the effects of different monospecific tree cover plantations on density and composition of the indigenous soil microbial community are described. The experimental site of "Breuil-Chenue" in the Morvan (France) was the site of a comparison of a similar mineral soil under Norway spruce (Picea abies), Douglas fir (Pseudotuga menziesii), oak (Quercus sessiflora), and native forest [mixed stand dominated by oak and beech (Fagus sylvatica)]. Sampling was performed during winter (February) at three depths (0-5, 5-10, and 10-15 cm…
Inspired by nature: Fiber networks functionalized with tannic acid and condensed tannin-rich extracts of Norway spruce bark show antimicrobial effica…
2023
This study demonstrated the antibacterial and antiviral potential of condensed tannins and tannic acid when incorporated into fiber networks tested for functional material purposes. Condensed tannins were extracted from industrial bark of Norway spruce by using pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE), followed by purification of extracts by using XADHP7 treatment to obtain sugar-free extract. The chemical composition of the extracts was analyzed by using HPLC, GC‒MS and UHPLC after thiolytic degradation. The test matrices, i.e., lignocellulosic handsheets, were produced and impregnated with tannin-rich extracts, and tannic acid was used as a commercial reference. The antibacterial and antiv…
The accumulation of proline in needles of damaged spruces
1985
Im Rahmen einer vergleichenden physiologischen und cytologischen Charakterisierung geschadigter und schadsymptomfreier Fichten am naturlichen Standort wurden im Spatsommer und Herbst 1984 erste Untersuchungen zum Wasserhaushalt der Baume durchgefuhrt. Messungen des Gesamtwasserpotentials, des osmotischen Potentials, des Gehaltes an verschiedenen Kohlenhydraten und an der freien Aminosaure Prolin deuten auf Veranderungen im Wasserhaushalt geschadigter Fichten. Besonders signifikante Ergebnisse waren beim Prolin zu verzeichnen. Wahrend bei den symptomfreien Fichten der Prolingehalt der Nadeln ungeachtet des Standortes und der Witterungsverhaltnisse konstant niedrig lag, trat bei Schadigung ei…
Photosynthesis and Transpiration in Damaged and Undamaged Spruce Trees
1996
Abstract The investigations presented here focus on the CO2/H2O gas exchange in damaged and undamaged spruce trees while using open-air measurements as well as measurements under defined conditions in the laboratory. The studies were performed at two different sites in the Hunsrück and the Westerwald mountains. In the laboratory the CO2/H2O gas exchange was measured on detached branches under controlled conditions in the course of two years. CO2 saturation curves were also generated. In addition CO2 compensation points were deter mined employing a closed system. In the natural habitat diurnal course measurements of photosynthesis and transpiration as well as light-saturation curves for pho…
Syntheses of Some Biologically Active Compounds from Stilbenes Isolated from the Bark ofPicea abies
1992
From the four stilbenes 1–4 isolated from the bark of Picea abies seven compounds 5–11 were obtained by hydrogenation or permethylation. 1H-, 13C-NMR and mass spectra were used for their characterization. The antileukemic activity of each compound was preliminary tested. Some compounds were further tested for their anti-HIV activity.