Search results for "probability"

showing 10 items of 3417 documents

Dendritic Ih selectively blocks temporal summation of unsynchronized distal inputs in CA1 pyramidal neurons.

2004

The active dendritic conductances shape the input-output properties of many principal neurons in different brain regions, and the various ways in which they regulate neuronal excitability need to be investigated to better understand their functional consequences. Using a realistic model of a hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron, we show a major role for the hyperpolarization-activated current, I-h, in regulating the spike probability of a neuron when independent synaptic inputs are activated with different degrees of synchronization and at different distances from the soma. The results allowed us to make the experimentally testable prediction that the I-h in these neurons is needed to reduce ne…

N-MethylaspartateTime FactorsComputer scienceCognitive NeuroscienceModels NeurologicalNeural ConductionHippocampal formationSummationHippocampusSynaptic TransmissionCA1Cellular and Molecular NeurosciencemedicineExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsAnimalsComputer Simulationalpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic AcidI-hProbabilityCa1 pyramidal neuronPyramidal CellsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsReproducibility of ResultsmodelingDendritesSensory Systemsdendritic integrationmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemSomaNeuronNeuroscience
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Plasmon-Induced Direct Hot-Carrier Transfer at Metal-Acceptor Interfaces.

2019

Plasmon-induced hot-carrier transfer from a metal nanostructure to an acceptor is known to occur via two key mechanisms: (i) indirect transfer, where the hot carriers are produced in the metal nanostructure and subsequently transferred to the acceptor, and (ii) direct transfer, where the plasmons decay by directly exciting carriers from the metal to the acceptor. Unfortunately, an atomic-level understanding of the direct-transfer process, especially with regard to its quantification, remains elusive even though it is estimated to be more efficient compared to the indirect-transfer process. This is due to experimental challenges in separating direct from indirect transfer as both processes o…

NanostructureMaterials scienceprobabilityta221General Physics and Astronomyhot holes02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionMetalnanorakenteetpuolijohteetlawTransfer (computing)General Materials SciencePlasmonta114nanoelektroniikkatiheysfunktionaaliteoriaGeneral Engineeringplasmon decayTime-dependent density functional theory021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserAcceptortime-dependent density-functional theory0104 chemical sciencesdirect transferChemical physicsvisual_artFemtosecondvisual_art.visual_art_mediumtodennäköisyys0210 nano-technologyhot electronsACS nano
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Stability limits of elemental 2D metals in graphene pores

2019

Two-dimensional (2D) materials can be used as stabilizing templates for exotic nanostructures, including pore-stabilized, free-standing patches of elemental metal monolayers. Although these patches represent metal clusters under extreme conditions and are thus bound for investigations, they are poorly understood as their energetic stability trends and the most promising elements remain unknown. Here, using density-functional theory simulations and liquid drop model to explore the properties of 45 elemental metal candidates, we identify metals that enable the largest and most stable patches. Simulations show that pores can stabilize patches up to $\sim 8$ nm$^2$ areas and that the most promi…

Nanostructurestability limitsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyelemental 2D metals010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesStability (probability)law.inventionMetalgraphene poresnanorakenteetSemi-empirical mass formulalawMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)MonolayergrafeeniGeneral Materials SciencemetallitPhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsGraphenetiheysfunktionaaliteoria021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesTemplateChemical physicsvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologyMetal clusters
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The evolution of COVID-19: A discontinuous approach.

2021

The evolution of the COVID-19 disease is monitored on the basis of the daily number of infected patients and the daily number of deaths provided from national health agencies. The variation of such parameters with time parallels that described for the growth/decay of historic transportation systems revealing the appearance of discontinuities. The evolution of the pandemic disease is represented in terms of two nominally equivalent formulations: a logistic model with sharp changes in its rate parameters, and in topological terms resulting in 2nd order phase transitions in the infected patients/time space.

National healthStatistics and Probability2019-20 coronavirus outbreakBasis (linear algebra)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)COVID-19Classification of discontinuitiesCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesTopological phase transitionsArticle010305 fluids & plasmasTime spaceDiscontinuities0103 physical sciencesLogisticStatistical physics010306 general physicsMathematicsPhysica A
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Role of noise in a market model with stochastic volatility

2006

We study a generalization of the Heston model, which consists of two coupled stochastic differential equations, one for the stock price and the other one for the volatility. We consider a cubic nonlinearity in the first equation and a correlation between the two Wiener processes, which model the two white noise sources. This model can be useful to describe the market dynamics characterized by different regimes corresponding to normal and extreme days. We analyze the effect of the noise on the statistical properties of the escape time with reference to the noise enhanced stability (NES) phenomenon, that is the noise induced enhancement of the lifetime of a metastable state. We observe NES ef…

Noise inducedProbability theory stochastic processes and statisticFOS: Physical sciencesEconomicFOS: Economics and businessStochastic differential equationStatistical physicsMarket modelCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsEconomics; econophysics financial markets business and management; Probability theory stochastic processes and statistics; Fluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motion; Complex SystemsMathematicsFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionStatistical Finance (q-fin.ST)Stochastic volatilityStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Cubic nonlinearityQuantitative Finance - Statistical FinanceComplex SystemsWhite noiseDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter PhysicsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsHeston modelVolatility (finance)econophysics financial markets business and management
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LCRT: A ToA Based Mobile Terminal Localization Algorithm in NLOS Environment

2009

©2009 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE. Article also available from publisher: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2009.5073644 Non line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation in range measurement is a key problem for mobile terminal localization. This paper proposes a low computational residual test (LCRT) algorithm that can identify the number of line-of-sight (LOS) transmissions and reduce the computational com…

Non-line-of-sight propagationTime of arrivalComputational complexity theoryVDP::Technology: 500::Information and communication technology: 550::Telecommunication: 552Range (statistics)Probability density functionResidualCramér–Rao boundAlgorithmUpper and lower boundsMathematics
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Asymptotic expansion of a partition function related to the sinh-model

2014

This paper develops a method to carry out the large-$N$ asymptotic analysis of a class of $N$-dimensional integrals arising in the context of the so-called quantum separation of variables method. We push further ideas developed in the context of random matrices of size $N$, but in the present problem, two scales $1/N^{\alpha}$ and $1/N$ naturally occur. In our case, the equilibrium measure is $N^{\alpha}$-dependent and characterised by means of the solution to a $2\times 2$ Riemann--Hilbert problem, whose large-$N$ behavior is analysed in detail. Combining these results with techniques of concentration of measures and an asymptotic analysis of the Schwinger-Dyson equations at the distributi…

Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsProbability (math.PR)FOS: MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesMathematical Physics (math-ph)Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)Mathematical PhysicsMathematics - Probability
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A New Analysis of the Tippe Top: Asymptotic States and Liapunov Stability

1995

Asymptotic behaviour of a tippe top, under the action of gliding friction. Liapunov stability analysis of the asymptotics of states with arbitrary initial conditions.

Nonlinear Sciences::Chaotic DynamicsClassical mechanicsTippe topFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsStability (probability)Action (physics)MathematicsAnnals of Physics
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Singular hyperbolic systems

1999

We construct a class of vector fields on 3-manifolds containing the hyperbolic ones and the geometric Lorenz attractor. Conversely, we shall prove that nonhyperbolic systems in this class resemble the Lorenz attractor: they have Lorenz-like singularities accumulated by periodic orbits and they cannot be approximated by flows with nonhyperbolic critical elements.

Nonlinear Sciences::Chaotic DynamicsMathematics::Dynamical SystemsApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsMathematical analysisPhysics::Data Analysis; Statistics and ProbabilityHyperbolic systemsMathematicsProceedings of the American Mathematical Society
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Convergence analysis of cubature Kalman filter

2014

This paper investigates the stability analysis of cubature Kalman filter (CKF) for nonlinear systems with linear measurement. The certain conditions to ensure that the estimation error of CKF remains bounded are proved. Then, the effect of process noise covariance is investigated and an adaptive process noise covariance is proposed to deal with large estimation error. Accordingly, a modified CKF (MCKF) is developed to enhance the stability and accuracy of state estimation. The performance of the MCKF is compared to the CKF by two case studies. Simulation results demonstrate that the large estimation error may lead to instability of CKF while the MCKF is successfully able to estimate the sta…

Nonlinear systemExtended Kalman filterControl and Systems EngineeringControl theoryBounded functionConvergence (routing)State (functional analysis)CovarianceStability (probability)Invariant extended Kalman filterMathematics2014 European Control Conference (ECC)
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