Search results for "solubility"

showing 10 items of 681 documents

ESR, electrochemical and cyclodextrin-inclusion studies of triazolopyridyl pyridyl ketones and dipyridyl ketones derivatives.

2008

Abstract The electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of free radicals obtained by electrolytic reduction of triazolopyridyl pyridyl ketones and dipyridyl ketones derivatives were measured in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The hyperfine patterns indicate that the spin density delocalization is dependent of the rings presented in the molecule. The electrochemistry of these compounds was characterized using cyclic voltammetry, in DMSO as solvent. When one carbonyl is present in the molecule one step in the reduction mechanism was observed while two carbonyl are present two steps were detected. The first wave was assigned to the generation of the correspondent free radical species, and the second wave…

PyridinesRadicalElectrochemistryPhotochemistryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionDelocalized electronlawElectrochemistryMoleculePhysics::Chemical PhysicsElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationHyperfine structureSpectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationCyclodextrinsCyclodextrinMolecular StructureChemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyKetonesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSolubilityPhysical chemistryCyclic voltammetryAzo CompoundsSpectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
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Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: quinidine sulfate.

2009

Literature data are reviewed relevant to the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of new multisource and reformulated immediate release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing quinidine sulfate. Quinidine sulfate's solubility and permeability, its therapeutic use and index, pharmacokinetics, excipient interactions and reported BE/bioavailability (BA) problems were taken into consideration. The available data are not fully conclusive, but do suggest that quinidine sulfate is highly soluble and moderately to highly permeable and would likely be assigned to BCS Class I (or at worst BCS III). In view of the inconclusiveness of the data and, more imp…

QuinidineDosage FormsChemistryBiopharmaceuticsPharmaceutical ScienceExcipientAdministration OralBiological AvailabilityPharmacologyBioequivalenceQuinidineDosage formPermeabilityBioavailabilityExcipientsAntimalarialsPharmacokineticsQuinidine SulfateSolubilityTherapeutic EquivalencymedicineHumansAnti-Arrhythmia AgentsDrug Approvalmedicine.drugJournal of pharmaceutical sciences
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Rapid shifting of a deep magmatic source at Fagradalsfjall volcano, Iceland

2022

AbstractRecent Icelandic rifting events have illuminated the roles of centralized crustal magma reservoirs and lateral magma transport1–4, important characteristics of mid-ocean ridge magmatism1,5. A consequence of such shallow crustal processing of magmas4,5 is the overprinting of signatures that trace the origin, evolution and transport of melts in the uppermost mantle and lowermost crust6,7. Here we present unique insights into processes occurring in this zone from integrated petrologic and geochemical studies of the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption on the Reykjanes Peninsula in Iceland. Geochemical analyses of basalts erupted during the first 50 days of the eruption, combined with associate…

REYKJANES PENINSULA3705 GeologySOLUBILITY/140/128/140/125ERUPTION/704/2151/431/132Multidisciplinaryiceland volcanism volatiles Fagradalsfjall/704/2151/213/704/2151/598PRESSURESarticleCONSTRAINTS37 Earth SciencesEVOLUTION3703 GeochemistryINSIGHTS[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]MIDOCEAN RIDGE BASALTSOLIVINE/704/2151/2093706 GeophysicsGENERATION
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Improvement of the wettability and dissolution of fenofibrate compacts by plasma treatment

2011

Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of plasma treatment on the wettability and dissolution of fenofibrate compacts. Contact angle measurements and intrinsic dissolution rate studies of untreated and plasma-treated fenofibrate compacts were conducted. The contact angle data clearly show that the wettability of the tablet surface increased with the duration of plasma treatment. Analyses of stability revealed that the surfaces which were plasma-treated for more than 1 min regained some degree of hydrophobicity after storage in air. Since their hydrophobic recovery finally reached the level observed with 1 min plasma-treated fenofibrate compacts it was deduced that per…

Radiation NonionizingMaterials sciencePlasma irradiationFenofibrateChromatographyDrug CompoundingPharmaceutical SciencePlasma treatmentOxygenContact angleFenofibrateSolubilityChemical engineeringWettabilitymedicineWettingSolubilitySaturation (chemistry)Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsDissolutionTabletsmedicine.drugInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics
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Novel epoxy formulations for high energy radiation curable composites

2005

Abstract It has been widely recognised that high energy radiation can be effectively applied to the cure of epoxy resins in applications as composite matrices or structural adhesives with improvements in product quality and/or reduction in production costs. In the presence of suitable initiators, polymerisation of epoxies occurs via cationic mechanism, thus restricting the choice of the resin system components to species which do not contain electron donor groups. The present investigation is aimed to identify suitable co-monomers to be formulated with an epoxy resin, resulting in different cure reaction kinetics and application properties of the cured resin. In particular, four different a…

RadiationMaterials scienceComposite numberRadiation curingCationic polymerizationGamma-calorimetryEpoxyDynamic mechanical analysisDMTAFlexural strengthvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAnhydrideEpoxy resinAdhesiveSolubilityComposite materialPost-curingThermal analysisRadiation Physics and Chemistry
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Influence of the e-beam irradiation and photo-oxidation aging on the structure and properties of LDPE-OMMT nanocomposite films

2012

Abstract In this paper two systems, polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene/commercial organo-modified montmorillonite (LDPE/OMMT) nanocomposite, were subjected to e-beam irradiation at different doses and both the molecular modifications and mechanical properties have been investigated through solubility, FT-IR, calorimetric and tensile tests. Moreover, in some of the irradiated systems photo-oxidation aging was performed and its effects were studied. The results show an enhancement with irradiation of the positive effect of the nano-filler loading, related to the increase of the mechanical properties, due to the increase of the nano-filler polymer interaction. Nevertheless calorimetric and F…

RadiationMaterials scienceNanocompositeLDPE-OMMT nanocomposite film e-beam irradiation Photo-oxidation ageing Mechanical properties Carbonyl index Molecular modificationPolyethylenechemistry.chemical_compoundLow-density polyethyleneSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiMontmorillonitechemistryPolymer chemistryUltimate tensile strengthSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieIrradiationComposite materialE beam irradiationSolubilityRadiation Physics and Chemistry
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Electron beam induced polymerisation of MMA in the presence of rubber: a novel process to produce tough materials

2002

Abstract PMMA-rubber blends are formed through electron beam induced in situ polymerisation. The influence of rubber nature and irradiation dose has been investigated through mechanical tensile tests, solubility analysis and the results were related to material structure investigated through atomic force microscopy. Some blend formulations present a significant increase of ductility with respect to pure PMMA, without a dramatic decrease of modulus, yield stress and stress at break values. The results are interpreted on the basis of the criterion of the critical inter-particle thickness.

RadiationMaterials sciencetechnology industry and agricultureModulusbody regionsStress (mechanics)Natural rubberPolymerizationvisual_artPolymer chemistryUltimate tensile strengthvisual_art.visual_art_mediumIrradiationComposite materialSolubilityDuctilityRadiation Physics and Chemistry
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Synthese und eigenschaften von einem nitrosubstituierten p-polyphenylen und von nitrosubstituierten p-oligophenylenen. 15. Mitteilung1

1964

Bei aromatischen Nitrojodverbindungen nimmt die ULLMANN-Reaktion unter verhaltnismasig milden Bedingungen einen praktisch quantitativen Verlauf, wenn sich das Jod in der o-Stellung zu einer Nitrogruppe befindet. Mit einer entsprechenden bifunktionellen Verbindung, dem 4,4′-Dijod-3,3′-dinitrobiphenyl, konnte unter den gleichen Bedingungen ein nitrosubstituiertes p-Polyphenylen erhalten werden, ein hellgelbes, unlosliches und unschmelzbares Pulver, das sich bei hoherer Temperatur (> 250°C) zersetzt. Auf Grund des Jodgehaltes (Endgruppen) wurde ein mittlerer Kondensationsgrad von 52 berechnet; das entspricht einer p-Phenylenkette aus 104 Benzolringen. Das Polymere ist kristallin und besitzt ei…

Reaction conditionsChemistryLong periodPolymer chemistryNitroHalogenationSolubilityIodine compoundsUllmann reactionDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Kinetics of homogeneous catalytic chlorination of acetic acid

2007

The kinetics of the chlorination of acetic acid (HAc) to monochloroacetic acid (MCA) and the physical solubility of chlorine in HAc and its mixtures with MCA were investigated in a laboratory scale semibatch reactor. The temperature dependence of the Henry's constant was determined from solubility data obtained at temperatures between 70°C and 110°C. The kinetic experiments were performed at 75–100°C with 3–13 mol % acetyl chloride (AcCl) and 0–5 weight % H2SO4 added as catalysts. Gas chromatography was used to determine the concentrations of HAc, MCA, dichloroacetic acid and AcCl during the experiments. The results indicate that the reaction rate is independent of the concentrations of HAc…

Reaction mechanismRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryDichloroacetic acidPollutionCatalysisInorganic ChemistryReaction rateAcid catalysischemistry.chemical_compoundAcetic acidFuel TechnologyAcetyl chlorideSolubilityWaste Management and DisposalBiotechnologyJournal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology
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Soluble interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor influences the expression of the protooncogene junB and the production of fibrinogen in the HepG2 human hepatom…

1998

Abstract Interleukin 6 (IL-6) belongs to a family of cytokines using receptors sharing a common signal-transducing chain, gp130 and containing a specific ligand-binding chain (IL-6Rα). It was shown that both the membrane-bound and the soluble form (sIL-6R) of this ligand specific receptor chain occurs naturally. The soluble form of IL-6 receptor was found to be able to associate with the membrane-bound gp130 and to generate active IL-6 receptor complex capable of inducing signal transduction. This study on a human hepatoma cell line and primary rat hepatocytes examined how the effectiveness of IL-6 is modified by the presence of soluble IL-6 receptor and whether the sIL-6R in the absence of…

Receptor complexCarcinoma HepatocellularJUNBProto-Oncogene Proteins c-junImmunologyBiologyBiochemistryPolymerase Chain Reactionhemic and lymphatic diseasesGene expressionTumor Cells CulturedImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHumansRNA MessengerReceptorMolecular BiologyTranscription factorCells CulturedFibrinogenHematologyGlycoprotein 130Molecular biologyReceptors Interleukin-6RatsGene Expression RegulationLiverSolubilityInterleukin-6 receptorSignal transductionCytokine
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