Search results for "symptom"
showing 10 items of 12304 documents
The craniovertebral junction in rheumatoid arthritis: State of the art
2019
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, characterized by polyarticular inflammation causing progressive joint damage and disability. The mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis involve activation of innate and adaptive immunity, microvascular endothelial cell activation, and inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes into the synovium. Spinal involvement in RA is not typical; when it occurs, the main radiological features are (1) atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS), which is the most typical form of cervical spine involvement; (2) cranial settling—also known as basilar impression, atlantoaxial impaction or superior migration of the odontoid—which is the most seve…
Möglichkeiten der CT-Arthrographie in der Diagnostik von Schulterinstabilitäten
1990
In the course of a prospective study, CT arthrography was carried out on 40 patients with shoulder instability. In 35 of these patients a lesion of the capsule and labrum was demonstrated, indicating glenohumeral instability; in three patients this was shown primarily by CT arthrography. In three patients, multidirectional instability was demonstrated. In four patients there was an isolated lesion of the labrum, whereas in one patient all the findings were normal. Compared with the capsulo-labral lesions, bone changes involving the head of the humerus and the glenoid were of lesser importance, although their severity affected the choice of operative treatment in four patients. Fifteen of th…
The campomelic syndrome: review, report of 17 cases, and follow-up on the currently 17-year-old boy first reported by Maroteaux et al in 1971.
1983
We report 17 cases of the campomelic syndrome (CS) and a follow-up of one of the original patients of Maroteaux et al who is now 17 years old. Our review is based on 97 patients, including our own. An infant with the CS presents at birth with spectacularly short and bowed femora and tibiae. The initial chest radiograph confirms the diagnosis by demonstrating extremely small bladeless scapulae and hypoplastic pedicles of many thoracic vertebrae. Ossification of the sternal segments, pubis, talus, and knee epiphyses is also retarded. Usually the hips are dislocated and talipes equinovarus deformities are present. There is a small chondrocranium and a disproportionately large neurocranium. The…
Chondrodysplasia punctata, tibia-metacarpal (MT) type.
1990
We describe 7 patients with a new form of chondrodysplasia punctata. Its principal clinical manifestations are flat midface and nose, short limbs, and otherwise normal development. Consistent radiologic manifestations in the newborn infant are discrete calcific stippling, coronal clefts of vertebral bodies, short tibiae, and shortness of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones. Radiologic findings in the older child include shortness of tibiae and the 3rd and 4th metacarpals.
Acute (0-2h) and delayed (2-8D) effects of exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness on elbow target movements.
2011
The aim was to examine the acute and delayed effects of exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness on elbow target movements (TM) performance and control. Ten males performed an exercise of 50 maximal eccentric elbow actions. TMs were performed at three movement ranges. Maximal forces, active stretch reflex and TM were tested, and muscle soreness, creatine kinase and elbow joint stiffness were determined acute (after and 2 h) and delayed (2, 4, 6, 8d) postexercise. Both the long lasting muscle soreness and force drop were observed after the exercise. Joint stiffness was increased at 2 h postexercise. The highest deterioration in flexion-TM performance was found at the time (2 h) and at the…
Mechanical loading influences the lumbar intervertebral disc. A cross-sectional study in 308 athletes and 71 controls.
2020
There is evidence in animal populations that loading and exercise can positively impact the intervertebral disc (IVD). However, there is a paucity of information in humans. We examined the lumbar IVDs in 308 young athletes across six sporting groups (baseball, swimming, basketball, kendo, soccer, and running; mean age 19 years) and 71 nonathletic controls. IVD status was quantified via the ratio of IVD to vertebral body height (IVD hypertrophy) and ratio of signal intensity in the nucleus to that in the annulus signal (IVD nucleus hydration) on sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. P values were adjusted via the false discovery rate method to mitigate false positives. In examinin…
Transient regional osteoporosis.
2014
Transient regional osteoporosis (TRO) is a disease that predisposes to fragility fracture in weight bearing joints of mid-life women and men. Pregnant women may also suffer the process, usually at the hip. The prevalence of TRO is lower than the systemic form, associated with postmenopause and advanced age, but may be falsely diminished by under-diagnosis. The disease may be uni- or bilateral, and may migrate to distinct joints. One main feature of TRO is spontaneous recovery. Pain and progressive limitation in the functionality of the affected joint(s) are key symptoms. In the case of the form associated with pregnancy, difficulties in diagnosis derive from the relatively young age at pres…
Knee extensor and flexor muscle power explains stair ascension time in patients with unilateral late-stage knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional stu…
2014
To determine the extent of asymmetrical deficits in knee extensor and flexor muscles, and to examine whether asymmetrical muscle deficits are associated with mobility limitations in persons with late-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA).Cross-sectional.Research laboratory.A clinical sample (N=56; age range, 50-75y) of eligible persons with late-stage knee OA awaiting knee replacement.Not applicable.Knee extensor and flexor power and torque assessed isokinetically; thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) assessed by computed tomography; mobility limitation assessed by walking speed and stair ascension time; and pain assessed with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index q…
High frequency of lumbar fusion in patients denied surgical treatment of the sacroiliac joint.
2019
Purpose: Effective treatment of medical conditions relies on proper diagnosis. Clinical trials show the safety and effectiveness of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) fusion in patients with chronic SI joint dysfunction. To what extent is the condition under recognised? Objective: To determine whether under recognition of SIJ pain affects healthcare trajectories in Spanish patients with low back pain. Methods: Retrospective study of characteristics and consequences of 189 patients with persistent SIJ pain seen in an outpatient neurosurgery clinic. Results: Patients with SIJ pain who were denied surgical treatment had a longer pain duration, higher likelihood of prior lumbar fusion, and a high rate (63%…
Extramammary Paget's disease of the penis.
1997
This case report describes a penile location of Paget's disease with delayed diagnosis due to initial outside treatment for several suspected benign dermatological disorders until surgery was eventually performed with confirmation of a Paget lesion of the penis. Diagnosis and therapy of this rare urologic disease are discussed and the literature is reviewed.