Search results for "target"
showing 10 items of 1196 documents
Individualized Tumor Therapy: Biomarkers and Possibilities for Targeted Therapy with Natural Products
2014
Although many tumors respond to chemotherapy, not all patients benefit from anticancer drugs. Tumors often develop resistance to drugs and concentrations sufficient to eradicate the cancer cannot be used due to the severe side effects of chemotherapy. In the present chapter, we give an overview of research on biomarkers with prognostic and predictive value and summarize our own efforts in this context. With a battery of biomarkers and corresponding synthetic and natural targeted drugs, it is likely that custom-tailored combination treatments will soon become a reality and that each individual cancer patient will be treated based on his or her individual molecular tumor architecture.
Future Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities with Polymer‐Based Combination Therapy in Cancer
2011
Soft tissue sarcomas in the precision medicine era: new advances in clinical practice and future perspectives
2018
Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) represent a rare and heterogeneous group of solid tumours derived from mesenchymal progenitors and account for 1% of all adult malignancies. Although in the last decade anthracycline-based chemotherapy single agent or in combinations has been able to improve clinical benefits, prognosis is still poor and STSs represent an important unmet medical need. Continuous advances in cancer genetics and genomics have contributed to change management paradigms of STSs as it occurred for other solid tumours. Several treatments have been recently developed with the specific aim of targeting different cell pathways and immune-checkpoints that have been recognized to drive tumo…
How to find the Ariadne's thread in the labyrinth of salvage treatment options for metastatic colorectal cancer?
2014
Abstract: Since a chance for cure was found out in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients undergoing a resection of liver and lung metastases, high tumor shrinkage by chemotherapy regimens and their combination with targeted agents have been addressed in potentially resectable mCRC. However, most mCRC patients cannot reach this opportunity because of tumor burden or metastatic sites. For these patients a salvage systemic therapy could be offered to prolong survival. To date, a huge number of clinical trials provided some evidences for the achievement of this goal. A lot of chemotherapeutic regimens in combination with biological therapies are now available. We tried to propose a simpl…
Prognostic and predictive biomarkers for targeted therapy in NSCLC: For whom the bell tolls?
2015
Introduction: The discovery of molecular biomarkers and the advent of targeted therapies have led to a radical change in the treatment of several tumors, including NSCLC. In the last few years, the number of molecular biomarkers has rapidly increased, and a growing interest has been recently focused on their potential prognostic and predictive value in clinical settings. Areas covered: This review describes all the molecular biomarkers with prognostic and predictive value in NSCLC, including both clinically approved biomarkers, and emerging biomarkers under investigation in clinical trials. Liquid biopsy and applications of circulating biomarkers are also described. Expert opinion: The onco…
Looking for a new panacea in ALK-rearranged NSCLC: may be Ceritinib?
2014
Abstract: In the past decade, the advent of targeted therapy led to a silent revolution in the war against lung cancer and a significant evolution on the concept of Phase I clinical trials design. Thanks to the specificity of their target, the new drugs have radically changed NSCLC treatment, leading to the development of personalized strategies. The accelerated approval of the first ALK-inhibitor, Crizotinib and more recently Ceritinib, without a Phase III randomized, clinical trial, has been an amazing success story in lung cancer research, marking the beginning of a new decade of targeted drugs development, characterized by modern, biomarker-driven, early clinical trial design and shorte…
The prognostic impact of PD1 and PDL1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer
2015
Introduction: To improve the prognosis of lung cancer patients, immunotherapy is expected to become a powerful therapeutic option. Several clinical studies demonstrate a positive prognostic effect of a targeted therapy against the programmed cell death receptor PD1 and its ligand PDL1 in solid tumors. For non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) however, the diagnostic, prognostic and predictive impact of these factors needs to be clarified. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression profile of PD1 and PDL1 in 398 NSCLC patients (median age: 66 years, 78% male sex, 45% squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histology). Statistical analysis included Fisher9s Exact test,…
Personalized cancer medicine: from molecular diagnostics to targeted therapy with natural products.
2010
Personalized cancer medicine aims to develop individualized treatment options adapted to factors relevant for the prognosis of each patient. Molecular biomarkers are required to predict the likelihood of an individual tumor's responsiveness or of toxicity in normal organs and to advise optimized treatments with improved efficacy at reduced side effects for each cancer patient. In the present review, we present a concept, which takes advantage of methods of molecular diagnostics to identify predictive markers at the DNA, mRNA, and protein levels. Markers with prognostic value concerning treatment response and patient survival can then be used as targets to develop optimized drugs. We focus o…
Investigator-initiated trials of targeted oncology agents: why independent research is at risk?
2010
Background: Drug development traditionally has relied upon the complementary contributions of clinicians and scientists at academic institutions and at pharmaceutical companies. Greater regulatory burdens, increased bureaucratic requirements, restricted reimbursement, and spiralling research and development costs are exerting pressure on the drug development pipeline. The result is a de-emphasis of exploratory research, particularly independent academic research, despite its proven value in identifying new drug targets and developing innovative cancer therapies. Design: An expert panel assembled by the Biotherapy Development Association-a nonprofit international forum for academic and indus…