0000000000019372
AUTHOR
Salvatore Golfo
DETERMINATION AND ANALYSIS OF HEAD AND CHEST PARAMETERS BY SIMULATION OF VEHICLE-TEENAGER IMPACT
This paper reports the results of multi-body numerical simulation of a vehicle crash with a teenager pedestrian. A previous technique utilized for adult pedestrian impact is applied. The work starts with the determination of the masses for the various segments of the body of a teenager with a total mass of 45 kg and then switches to the construction of the dummy and the middle-class vehicle in the Visual Nastran environment. Simulations are performed for both frontal impacts and lateral impacts, when the vehicle is travelling at a constant speed and when the vehicle is braking, following the Euro NCAP rules on the subject. The results are analysed by calculating the values of the head inju…
Head Injury Criterion: mini review
Head Injury Criterion (HIC) is the most important parameter in terms of human survival; it is indicative of brain injuries due to the impact of the head in numerous cases, with a vehicle. This index can be estimated by integrating the resulting acceleration of the head (measured in its gravity center) in a time window
Head, chest and femur injury in teenage pedestrian–SUV crash; mass influence on the speeds
This work studies the teenage pedestrian–sport utility vehicle (SUV) crash; injury to the vital parts of the body, such as the head and chest, and to the femur is evaluated. More advanced injury criteria are applied, as provided in the rules. The multibody technique is applied by making use of SimWise software and of the teenager anthropomorphic model, the use of which is now consolidated. Head injury criterion (HIC) is used for the head, thoracic trauma index (TTI) criterion for the thorax in the case of side impact and 3 ms criterion in the case of frontal impact, while the force criterion is used for the femur. Both the TTI and femur load evaluation require non-substantial modifications…
ANALISI DELLA GRAVITA’ DELLE LESIONI NELL’IMPATTO VEICOLO PEDONE
Lo scopo principale di questa tesi consiste nella valutazione dei danni provocati da un utente debole della strada in un incidente con un veicolo e allo sviluppo di un metodo versatile che possa simulare qualsiasi circostanza. I danni vengono quantificati sulla base di alcuni criteri di lesione quali HIC, TTI, criterio dei 3 ms, forze di contatto, ecc… Inoltre è stato eseguito un modello teorico per la validazione dei risultati ottenuti dal punto di vista matematico e una serie di confronti, dei dati ottenuti con delle fonti presenti in bibliografia. A tal fine verranno valutati quelle che sono le condizioni più gravose per questo genere di impatto e alcuni suggerimenti atti a limitarli.
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS ON TEENAGE PEDESTRIAN-BUS IMPACT
This work studies the impact conditions between the adolescent pedestrian and the bus focusing on head and chest injury. The injury to the head is analyzed using both the Head Injury Criterion (HIC) 36 and the HIC15 parameters as established by the most advanced legislation and comparing the risk probability Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS3+) and AIS4+. The parameter HIC15 gives a higher probability of risk with lower values, and therefore it can be considered more conservative. Moreover, the study of chest injury is performed with two different biomechanical parameters: the Thoracic Trauma Index (TTI) and the TTI(d); the last neglects the pedestrian mass. The results indicate that the param…