0000000000074576
AUTHOR
Roland Veltkamp
FTY720 reduces post-ischemic brain lymphocyte influx but does not improve outcome in permanent murine cerebral ischemia.
Background The contribution of neuroinflammation and specifically brain lymphocyte invasion is increasingly recognised as a substantial pathophysiological mechanism after stroke. FTY720 is a potent treatment for primary neuroinflammatory diseases by inhibiting lymphocyte circulation and brain immigration. Previous studies using transient focal ischemia models showed a protective effect of FTY720 but did only partially characterize the involved pathways. We tested the neuroprotective properties of FTY720 in permanent and transient cortical ischemia and analyzed the underlying neuroimmunological mechanisms. Methodology/Principal Findings FTY720 treatment resulted in substantial reduction of c…
Systematic monitoring for detection of atrial fibrillation in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (MonDAFIS): a randomised, open-label, multicentre study.
Summary Background Systematic electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring improves detection of covert atrial fibrillation in stroke survivors but the effect on secondary prevention is unknown. We aimed to assess the effect of systematic ECG monitoring of patients in hospital on the rate of oral anticoagulant use after 12 months. Methods In this investigator-initiated, randomised, open-label, parallel-group multicentre study with masked endpoint adjudication, we recruited patients aged at least 18 years with acute ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack without known atrial fibrillation in 38 certified stroke units in Germany. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to usual diagnostic procedur…
Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in intracerebral hemorrhage
Background and purpose Oral anticoagulation (OAC) is an effective preventive therapy for ischemic stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF). The management of anticoagulation in AF patients with previous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is challenging. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of AF after acute ICH in a consecutive monocenter cohort, and to document the subsequent management with respect to OAC. Methods Consecutive patients with spontaneous ICH were prospectively included within 19 months. Diagnosis of AF was based on medical history, 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), 24-h and continuous ECG monitoring. CHADS2 scores and patient medication were recorded at admission and a…
Inhibition of lymphocyte trafficking shields the brain against deleterious neuroinflammation after stroke
T lymphocytes are increasingly recognized as key modulators of detrimental inflammatory cascades in acute ischaemic stroke, but the potential of T cell-targeted therapy in brain ischaemia is largely unexplored. Here, we characterize the effect of inhibiting leukocyte very late antigen-4 and endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1-mediated brain invasion-currently the most effective strategy in primary neuroinflammatory brain disease in murine ischaemic stroke models. Very late antigen-4 blockade by monoclonal antibodies improved outcome in models of moderate stroke lesions by inhibiting cerebral leukocyte invasion and neurotoxic cytokine production without increasing the susceptibilit…
Postischemic Brain Infiltration of Leukocyte Subpopulations Differs among Murine Permanent and Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Models
Cellular and humoral inflammations play important roles in ischemic brain injury. The effectiveness of immunomodulatory therapies may critically depend on the chosen experimental model. Our purpose was to compare the post-ischemic neuroinflammation among murine permanent and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models. Permanent MCAO was induced by transtemporal electrocoagulation and 30 minutes or 90 minutes transient MCAO was induced by intraluminal filament in C57BL/6 mice. Infiltration of leukocyte subpopulations was quantified by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Cerebral cytokine and adhesion molecule expression was measured by real-time polyme…