RICOVERI PER EFFETTI INDESIDERATI DA SOVRADOSAGGIO DI FARMACI PRESSO UN’UNITÀ OPERATIVA CARDIOLOGICA NEL PERIODO 2011-2013

Introduzione: Le statistiche dei casi di ricovero ospedaliero per effetti indesiderati da sovradosaggio farmacologico sono utili per valutare l’incidenza di tale fenomeno nel mondo reale. Un sovradosaggio farmacologico può avvenire come conseguenza di un’insufficiente o inadeguata comunicazione tra medico e paziente, per autoprescrizione o erronea assunzione di dosaggi superiori a quelli necessari, per erronea assunzione di due farmaci identici come molecola ma con nome commerciale diverso o per effetti collaterali imprevisti. Materiali e metodi: Sono state esaminate, retrospettivamente, le cartelle cliniche relative a tutti i ricoveri avvenuti presso l’Unità Operativa di Cardiologia del P.…

AISF position paper on liver transplantation and pregnancy: Women in Hepatology Group, Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF)

After the first successful pregnancy in a liver transplant recipient in 1978, much evidence has accumulated on the course, outcomes and management strategies of pregnancy following liver transplantation. Generally, liver transplantation restores sexual function and fertility as early as a few months after transplant. Considering that one third of all liver transplant recipients are women, that approximately one-third of them are of reproductive age (18-49 years), and that 15% of female liver transplant recipients are paediatric patients who have a >70% probability of reaching reproductive age, the issue of pregnancy after liver transplantation is rather relevant, and obstetricians, paedi…

Predictors of serious adverse events and non-response in cirrhotic patients with primary biliary cholangitis treated with obeticholic acid

Background & Aims Obeticholic acid (OCA) has recently been restricted in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with "advanced cirrhosis" because of its narrow therapeutic index. We aimed to better define the predicting factors of hepatic serious adverse events (SAEs) and non-response in cirrhotic patients undergoing OCA therapy. Methods Safety and efficacy of treatment were evaluated in a cohort of consecutive PBC cirrhotic patients started with OCA. OCA response was evaluated according to the Poise criteria. Risk factors for hepatic SAEs and non-response were reported as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results One hundred PBC cirrhotics were included, 97…

La valutazione del rischio per la prevenzione dei disturbi muscoloscheletrici del rachide da movimentazione manuale dei carichi: confronto tra due metodiche di risk assessment

Introduzione: Nonostante la sempre più diffusa automazione dei processi produttivi sono ancora numerose le attività lavorative che richiedono una movimentazione manuale dei carichi che comportano rischi di patologie da sovraccarico biomeccanico, in particolare dorso-lombari. È emerso da alcune stime epidemiologiche,che tali patologie rappresentano le più importanti cause di inabilità e assenza dal lavoro per malattia nei Paesi industrializzati. Il pericolo sussiste in modo preponderante quando i lavori di trasporto vengono improvvisati ed eseguiti senza adeguata valutazione preliminare.La sensibilizzazione è quindi una condizione indispensabile per individuare nella prassi lavorativa quotid…

Prophylaxis and treatment of hepatitis B in immunocompromised patients

HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN POLYMORPHISMS IN ITALIAN PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS: A MULTICENTER STUDY OF 664 PATIENTS AND 1992 HEALTHY CONTROLS

Genetic factors are critical in determining susceptibility to primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), but there has not been a clear association with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. We performed a multicenter case-control study and analyzed HLA class II DRB1 associations using a large cohort of 664 well-defined cases of PBC and 1992 controls of Italian ancestry. Importantly, healthy controls were rigorously matched not only by age and sex, but also for the geographical origin of the proband four grandparents (Northern, Central, and Southern Italy). After correction for multiple testing, DRB1*08 [odds ratio (OR), 3.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.4-4.5] and DRB1*02 (OR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8-1.2) …

Prophylaxis and treatment of hepatitis B in immunocompromised patients.

The literature on hepatitis B virus (HBV) in immunocompromised patients is heterogeneous and referred mainly to the pre-antivirals era. Today a rational approach to the problem of hepatitis B in these patients provides for: (a) the evaluation of HBV markers and of liver condition in all subjects starting immunosuppressive therapies (baseline), (b) the treatment with antivirals (therapy) of active carriers, (c) the pre-emptive use of antivirals (prophylaxis) in inactive carriers, especially if they are undergoing immunosuppressive therapies judged to be at high risk, (d) the biochemical and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) monitoring (or universal prophylaxis, in case of high risk immunos…