Mountain Building in Taiwan: Insights From 3‐D Geodynamic Models

Taiwan is widely considered to be a typical example of an arc-continent collision surrounded by two opposite dipping subduction zones. The manner by which the interaction of the two neighboring slabs caused plate collision and mountain building is insufficiently understood. Various hypotheses have been proposed, but the geodynamic feasibility of those remains to be tested. Here we present 3-D thermomechanical models to study the geodynamic evolution process of a Taiwan-like setting after an initial transform fault was consumed. In our model setup, the boundary between the Eurasian plate and the South China Sea is northeast trending. The results show that all simulations result in toroidal m…

kmcEx: memory-frugal and retrieval-efficient encoding of counted k-mers.

Abstract Motivation K-mers along with their frequency have served as an elementary building block for error correction, repeat detection, multiple sequence alignment, genome assembly, etc., attracting intensive studies in k-mer counting. However, the output of k-mer counters itself is large; very often, it is too large to fit into main memory, leading to highly narrowed usability. Results We introduce a novel idea of encoding k-mers as well as their frequency, achieving good memory saving and retrieval efficiency. Specifically, we propose a Bloom filter-like data structure to encode counted k-mers by coupled-bit arrays—one for k-mer representation and the other for frequency encoding. Exper…

Reward-Based Crowdfunding Research and Practice

AbstractThis chapter offers a review of reward-based crowdfunding. Based on a concrete framework, this chapter extensively explains the definition, mechanisms, and unique aspects of reward-based crowdfunding. To better understand the status of reward-based crowdfunding from a global perspective, the development and regional characteristics of it in different crowdfunding markets are presented and discussed in this chapter. In addition, through a comprehensive literature review of key reward-based crowdfunding research, two main research streams of reward-based crowdfunding (success drivers and contributor behaviour) are summarized. Lastly, this chapter also sheds light on the implications o…

Lower Crustal Rheology Controls the Development of Large Offset Strike‐Slip Faults During the Himalayan‐Tibetan Orogeny

International audience

Chinese reverse M&As in the Netherlands: Chinese managers’ trust building practices

Purpose Building trust is critical in reverse mergers and acquisitions (M&As), attributed to the divergence of governance and culture between the East and the West. This paper aims to explore the barriers and trust-building practices of Chinese managers in reverse M&As in developed countries. Design/methodology/approach The primary data set of this research contains case studies of two Chinese M&A deals and in-depth interviews with managers and advisories in the Netherlands. Findings This research finds that the divergences of decision-making structure, communication style and trust orientation generate barriers to the trust building in Chinese reverse M&As. The third-party…

Guanxi, trust and reward-based crowdfunding success: a Chinese case

Purpose This paper aims to examine different hypotheses concerning the effects of guanxi on the reward-based crowdfunding project fundraising. Specifically, this study provides new insights into how guanxi and guanxi intensity may affect reward-based crowdfunding success and project performance in the Chinese context. Design/methodology/approach The research data including 989 crowdfunding projects were collected from zhongchou.com which is the largest reward-based crowdfunding platform in a one-year period (2014.1-2014.12). The hypotheses are tested by using robust OLS regressions and robust logistic regressions. Robustness check was also conducted to test the validation of the results. F…

Pure donation or hybrid donation crowdfunding

PurposeDespite the growing research exploring the possibility and feasibility of financing socially oriented projects through crowdfunding, relatively little research examines which crowdfunding model is better to serve such purpose. The purpose of this paper is to offer novel insights to mitigate this research gap.Design/methodology/approachA unique data set collected from the largest Chinese crowdfunding platform is used to test the hypotheses. To solve the perceived self-selection problem, the propensity score matching method is adopted in this paper. Based on this approach, the results of similar prosocial campaigns in two different models (pure donation and hybrid donation) are compare…

FGFR2mutation in 46,XY sex reversal with craniosynostosis

Patients with 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis (GD) exhibit genital anomalies, which range from hypospadias to complete male-to-female sex reversal. However, a molecular diagnosis is made in only 30% of cases. Heterozygous mutations in the human FGFR2 gene cause various craniosynostosis syndromes including Crouzon and Pfeiffer, but testicular defects were not reported. Here, we describe a patient whose features we would suggest represent a new FGFR2-related syndrome, craniosynostosis with XY male-to-female sex reversal or CSR. The craniosynostosis patient was chromosomally XY, but presented as a phenotypic female due to complete GD. DNA sequencing identified the FGFR2c heterozygous missense mutatio…

Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability of Local Community: A Case Study of the Transnational Project in China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

While achieving great benefits, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has triggered potential problems between the transnational projects and local communities in the participant countries. However, there is still a knowledge gap on how corporate social responsibility (CSR) is adopted, and how CSR affects the local community. Based on a context of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), this research exploits a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to fill the gap. It finds that the CSR activities in the CPEC project are initiated by the long-term CSR initiative. Organized by the professional CSR foundation in an autonomous environment, the panoramic CSR activities are governed …

Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Households’ Livelihood Strategy in a Relation-Based Society: Evidence from Northeast China

Although China is experiencing a transition from a relation-based society to a rule-based society, relationships among acquaintances still play an important role in resource allocation, such as the allocation of policy resources. This is particularly true in rural China, where targeted poverty alleviation is prevalent and a relation-based social structure still dominates. However, it is still unknown how relationships affect the livelihood strategy of households in rural China and how poverty alleviation policies plays a role between them. Therefore, this paper embeds poverty alleviation into the relation-based society and explores how households respond to the policy in this specific conte…

On relationship types, their strength, and reward crowdfunding backer behavior

ispartof: JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH vol:154 status: published

Strong intracontinental lithospheric deformation in South China: Implications from seismic observations and geodynamic modeling

Abstract Classical plate tectonics theory predicts concentrated deformation at plate boundaries and weak deformation within plates. Yet, the existence of intracontinental orogens shows that highly deformed regions can occur within continental plates, which is geodynamically incompletely understood. Shear wave splitting measurements in South China show belt-parallel (i.e. NE–SW) fast directions beneath the Wulingshan-Xuefengshan Belts, while no dominant fast direction is found in the cratonic Sichuan Basin. Tomographic studies in the mantle in the same area show that the thickness of lithosphere beneath the intracontinental orogen is larger than that beneath the cratonic Sichuan Basin. In or…

Introduction : From Fundamentals to Advances in Crowdfunding Research and Practice

AbstractThe chapter introduces the phenomenon of crowdfunding while presenting its definition and main manifestations in recent years. It then discusses the roles played by the various parties to a crowdfunding transaction, as well as the benefits each may gain from such engagement. Overall, it argues for a win-win situation, where all parties become better off from involvement in a responsible crowdfunding engagement. Furthermore, the chapter highlights the process dimension of crowdfunding, as represented through a series of three main stages, which are further specified into a seven sub-stage model. Each stage in the process depends on successful completion of the stage preceding it and …

The Future of Crowdfunding Research and Practice

AbstractThis chapter critically reflects on current crowdfunding research and practice while highlighting eight dilemmas that are expected to shape the future of crowdfunding. Each dilemma is critically discussed and is followed by relevant suggestions for future research. These dilemmas include: (1) the balance between idealism and pragmatism; (2) the extent of cooperation between crowdfunding platforms and traditional financial institutions; (3) measurement of crowdfunding success and performance in financial and socio-economic terms; (4) the balance between quantity and quality in campaigns approved for publication by platforms; (5) domestic versus international growth of crowdfunding pl…

Skin in the game: Self-funding and reward crowdfunding success

Abstract This article focuses on entrepreneurs’ self-funding behavior in the reward crowdfunding context and its relation to crowdfunding success. Theoretically anchoring our discussion in signaling theory, we argue that self-funding sends similar information to that conveyed by quick-fix bootstrapping efforts. Accordingly, we hypothesize that self-funding behavior is positively associated with crowdfunding success as it can help alleviate uncertainties around a fundraiser’s intent and quality as perceived by prospective backers. To show this, we use a sample of 1,583 campaigns collected from Zhongchou, the largest Chinese reward-based crowdfunding platform, to test our hypotheses. Our resu…

Self-consistent subduction initiation induced by mantle flow

Mantle circulation in planets with strongly temperature-dependent viscosity results in stagnant-lid convection. It is fundamental to understand how this stagnant-lid regime can change into a plate-like convection regime as on the present-day Earth. Here, we use 2D numerical models to study subduction initiation from an initial stagnant lid with laboratory-consistent parameters and without pre-existing weak zones or kinematic boundary conditions. Our results show that subduction can be initiated dynamically as a result of a thermal localization instability. The lithosphere may deform in a stagnant-lid mode, an un-necking mode, a symmetric-subduction mode or an asymmetric-subduction mode. The…

3D Geodynamic Models for HP‐UHP Rock Exhumation in Opposite‐Dip Double Subduction‐Collision Systems

Subduction Polarity Reversal Triggered by Oceanic Plateau Accretion: Implications for Induced Subduction Initiation

Crowdfunding in China: Turmoil of Global Leadership

AbstractThis chapter offers a comprehensive review and explanation of crowdfunding in China. It first extensively describes the status of crowdfunding in China by presenting the market facts, insights, and current regulations of the four main crowdfunding models (reward-based, equity-based, loan-based, and donation-based) respectively. Next, through a detailed up-to-date literature review of the key literature of Chinese crowdfunding, three main research streams are summarized and discussed covering success drivers, comparative studies of Chinese versus other contexts of crowdfunding practice, and applications of crowdfunding for creative and sustainability projects. Finally, both practical…

Donation Crowdfunding : Principles and Donor Behaviour

AbstractDonation crowdfunding is a form of internet-enabled fundraising where backers provide funding based on philanthropic motivations without expectation of monetary or material rewards. Despite accounting for only a marginal share of global crowdfunding volumes, donation crowdfunding is a unique model for supporting a wide range of prosocial and charitable causes, while allowing fundraisers to leverage benefits afforded by ICT solutions for more effective and efficient fundraising. The chapter provides an overview of the limited research on donation crowdfunding while highlighting donor motivations and behaviour, as well as drivers of success in donation campaigns. We find that current …

Slab-triggered wet upwellings produce large volumes of melt: Insights into the destruction of the North China Craton

Abstract Cratons have remained stable for billions of years, despite of ongoing mantle convection and plate tectonics. The North China Craton (NCC), however, is abnormal, as it has experienced a destruction event during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic which was accompanied by extensive magmatism. Several lines of evidence suggest that the (Paleo-)Pacific plate played an important role in this event. Yet, the geodynamic link between subduction and craton destruction remains poorly understood, and it is unclear why there is no systematic spatial and temporal variation of magmatism related to subduction. Here, we perform 2-D petrological-thermomechanical simulations to investigate the influence of s…