Composizione minerale dei grumoli di Finocchio in un terrazzo alluvionale gestito in irriguo con acque salmastre in agro di Licata (AG)

Soil fraction and carbon labilità as affected by tillage and cropping systems.

Dinamica delle riserve di carbonio organico del suolo in ambiente mediterraneo

Saline soil irrigated with non saline water: qualitative and quantitative response of Nero d'Avola cultivar and vinification result, in a warm-arid environment of south-western Sicily

Mass movements (landslides) and environmental features in an area Of Alto Belice Destro (High Right Belice) Western Sicily - Italy

Qualità delle produzioni orticole irrigate con acque salmastre al variare della gestione colturale in ambiente semiarido.

Nella piana alluvionale di Licata (Sicilia meridionale), sotto un clima semiarido, vengono irrigati suoli con acque saline del fiume Salso e di falda (C5-S1) per la produzione di colture orticole. I dati analitici evidenziano processi di salinizzazione e sodicizzazione del suolo. La concentrazione salina dei suoli influenza la risposta quantitativa e qualitativa delle colture. Gli Autori, attraverso la composizione ionica di estratti acquosi di ceneri di zucchino e finocchio (Cucurbita pepo e Foeniculum vulgare) descrivono la qualità delle produzioni ottenute.

La caratterizzazione pedologica del sottobacino Iudeo-Bucari.

Gestione dell’irrigazione con acque salmastre ed evoluzione della salinita’ dei suoli in un versante sito in agro di Castelvetrano (Trapani-Sicilia).

Anthropogenic soils evolution in a semiarid mediterranean environment

Long-term cropping systems and tillage management effects on soil organic carbon stocks and steady state level of C sequestration rates in a semiarid environment

A calcareous and clayey xeric Chromic Haploxerept of a long-term experimental site in Sicily (Italy) was sampled (0–15 cm depth) under different land use management and cropping systems (CSs) to study their effect on soil aggregate stability and organic carbon (SOC). The experimental site had three tillage managements (no till [NT], dual-layer [DL] and conventional tillage [CT]) and two CSs (durum wheat monocropping [W] and durum wheat/faba bean rotation [WB]). The annually sequestered SOC with W was 2·75-times higher than with WB. SOC concentrations were also higher. Both NT and CT management systems were the most effective in SOC sequestration whereas with DL system no C was sequestered. …

The influence of weathering processes on labile and stable organic matter in Mediterranean volcanic soils

The relationship and mechanisms among weathering processes, cation fluxes, clay mineralogy, organic matter composition and stability were studied in soils developing on basaltic material in southern Italy (Sicily). The soils were transitions between Phaeozems and Vertisols. Intense losses of the elements Na, Ca and Mg were measured indicating that weathering has occurred over a long period of time. The main weathering processes followed the sequence: amphibole, mica, volcanic glass or if ash was the primary source→smectite→interstratified smectite–kaolinite→kaolinite. Kaolinite formation was strongly related to high Al, Mg and Na losses. The good correlation between oxyhydroxides and kaolin…

Pedogenesis and Variability in Soil Properties in a Floodplain of a Semiarid Environment in Southwestern Sicily (Italy).

We performed a pedological study of the variability in soils in a floodplain area of a semiarid region in southwestern Sicily. The objectives of our research were to (i) investigate the role of parent material, erosion, and distribution processes on soil pedogenesis and horizon differentiation; (ii) evaluate the statistical distribution of soil properties; and (iii) interpret these distributions in terms of pedogenic and other processes. Our results showed that not all soil properties examined followed a normal distribution and that even when logtransformed, the degree of normality of the soil salinity data did not improve. Furthermore, principal component analysis was performed to investig…

La valorizzazione dei suoli a drenaggio imperfetto nell'ottica dei cambiamenti climatici nella Sicilia sud-occidentale

Long-Term Tillage and Cropping System Effects on Chemical and Biochemical Characteristics of Soil Organic Matter in a Mediterranean Semiarid Environment

Several studies have reported how tillage and cropping systems affect quantity, quality, and distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) along the profile. However, the effect of soil management on the chemical structure of SOM and on its hydrophobic and hydrophilic components has been little investigated. In this work, the long-term (19 years) effects of two cropping systems (wheat monoculture and wheat/faba bean rotation) and three tillage managements (conventional, reduced, and no tillage) on some chemical characteristics of SOM and their relationships with labile carbon (C) pools were evaluated. Soil samples were taken from the topsoil (0–15 cm) of a Chromic Haploxerert (central Sicily, I…

A winter water surplus requirement index (WWRSI) of soil in a hot-dry area in midwestern siciliy irrigated with brackish water

Inter-relazioni tra pools di C organico e gruppi funzionali della sostanza organica in un suolo a diversa gestione agronomica

Lavorazioni del suolo e rotazioni colturali giocano un ruolo chiave nell’influenzare sia la quantità sia la qualità della sostanza organica del suolo (SOM). Mentre diversi studi sono stati condotti per valutare gli effetti di tali fattori agronomici sui pools di C organico, anche lungo i profili di suolo, pochi altri hanno investigato anche le relazioni tra i diversi pools di C organico e i gruppi funzionali della SOM. Obiettivi del presente lavoro sono stati quelli di i) valutare gli effetti della lavorazione del suolo e delle rotazioni colturali sui diversi pools di C organico e ii) di investigare le relazioni intercorrenti tra tali pools e i gruppi funzionali della SOM. I campioni di suo…

Particle-size distribution and associated organic matter under different cropping systems and tillage practices in a semi arid environment.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term impact of different management practice and tillage tools on :1) changes in soil carbon stock with different cropping systems and soil tillage managements; 2) aggregate size distribution and organic carbon concentration of each fraction; 3) organic matter composition and stability Methodology The research was carried out at the Pietranera farm, located in southern part of central Sicily (Italy) (37°32’74” N / 13°31’53” E; elevation 236 m; mean annual precipitation 481 mm; mean air temperature 19 °C) on a soil of a long term experiment. The soil is classified as a fine-clayey, calcareous, mixed, xeric Chromic Pelloxerert with a slope of 4%.…

Paired-site approach for studying soil organic carbon dynamics in a Mediterranean semiarid environment

This work investigated the effects of land cover and land-use change (LUC) on the ability of a soil to store carbon (C) and reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, in a Mediterranean area. Using a paired-site approach, we estimated the effect of land-cover change on the C stock from 1972 to 2008 in a natural reserve (Grotta di Santa Ninfa) in western Sicily. We selected 15 paired sites representative of five LUCs. We studied the effect of land use on soil organic C (SOC) content in bulk soil and in different particle-size fractions (2000–1000 µm, 1000–500 µm, 500–250 µm, 250–63 µm, 63–25 µm, and <25 µm). Laboratory incubation of the soil samples was conducted to measure CO2 evolution in bulk…

Comparasion of central venous catheterization with and without ultrasound guide

PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness, safety and time needed to perform central venous catheterization (CVC) in the presence or absence of an ultrasound (US) guide. METHODS: Between January 1999 and February 2002 we performed CVCs in 196 patients: 105 patients received US guided CVC (group I) and 91 patients had CVC without US guide (group II). RESULTS: The average time to perform CVC was shorter with US guide (4 vs 7 min). The utilization of the US guide was also associated with improved success (98.09% vs 91.2%, p<0.025) and lack of major complications (0% vs 9.8%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: US-guided CVC affords an easier, safer and more rapid cannulation of a central vein. It is especially…