0000000000293775
AUTHOR
E.i. Jokinen
Immunoreactivity of Roach,Rutilus rutilus,Following Laboratory Exposure to Bleached Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents
Abstract In order to study immunomodulation, controlled laboratory experiments were carried out with roach ( Rutilus rutilus ) exposed to bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME) or spent bleach liquor (SBL) from two pulp and paper mills using elementary chlorine and chlorine dioxide for bleaching. The total number of immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) and the number of specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC) were determined by ELISPOT assay. Exposure to BKME resulted in decreased numbers of ISC in the spleen. To study the capability of response against foreign antigens the fish were immunized with bovine γ-globulin. Exposure to BKME or SBL reduced antigen-specific ASC response in fish. Moreov…
Virulent and nonvirulent Flavobacterium columnare colony morphologies: characterization of chondroitin AC lyase activity and adhesion to polystyrene
Aims: Colony morphology variants of fish pathogenic Flavobacterium columnare were studied to clarify the role of colony morphology change in the virulence of the bacterium. Typical rhizoid colony (Rz) variants are virulent and moderately adherent, nonrhizoid rough (R) colony variants are nonvirulent and highly adherent, and soft colony (S) variants are nonvirulent and poorly adherent. Methods and Results: Chondroitin AC lyase activity, adhesion to polystyrene at different temperatures and after modification of bacterial surface, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profiles of the variants were studied. The chondroitinase activity was significantly higher in the virulent, rhizoid variants than in…
Antibody synthesis in roach (Rutilus rutilus); analysis of antibody secreting cells in lymphoid organs with ELISPOT-assay
The roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) which is a cyprinid fish, was immunised with bovine γ-globulin (BGG) and the antibody synthesis was studied by counting the number of specific antibody secreting cells (SASC) in the spleen and anterior kidney, and by measuring the antibody concentration in the circulation. SASCs and the total number of immunoglobulin secreting cells (TISC) were counted with the ELISPOT (enzyme-linked immunospot) assay, and anti-BGG antibodies and the concentration of immunoglobulin in sera were assayed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The present modification of the ELISPOT-assay takes advantage of biotin-avidin amplification and yields easily detectable and nonfa…
Humoral response of roach (Rutilus rutilus) to digenean Rhipidocotyle fennica infection
The humoral immune response of roach (Rutilus rutilus) to cercariae of the digenean trematode, Rhipidocotyle fennica, was studied. Antibodies against R. fennica were found in wild roach in lakes where fish are infected by the parasite. Antibody levels were higher in sera collected in September than in sera collected in June, due to infection of R. fennica during the late summer. In experimental aquarium studies, roach immunized with homogenized cercariae produced antibodies against R. fennica. An especially strong response was elicited by infecting fish with living cercariae emerging from infected clams. The specificity of the antibodies, as shown in Western blots, was different between fis…
The effect of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the immune responses of European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.)
Low phosphorous (P) feeds in aquaculture are recommended to reduce eutrophication of water systems. However, the feed should be adequate for normal growth and intact immune defence. Influence of low dietary P supply on non-specific and specific immune defence of European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) was studied in two trials. For Trial 1, a semi-purified, low-P diet was formulated and supplied with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, or 10.0 g P kg(-1)to obtain a P gradient of 4.4-14.9 g kg(-1)diet. Diets were fed to four replicate groups of fingerling whitefish for 42 days in a flow-through, freshwater system maintained at 15 degrees C. Fish fed with the P-unsupplemented diet had significantly lower plas…