Introduction to environmental security

The term "Environmental Security" refers to a range of concerns that can be organized into three general categories: (1) concerns about the adverse impact of human activities on the environment, seen as an asset to be inherited by the next generations; (2) concerns about the direct and indirect effects of various forms of environmental change (especially scarcity and degradation), which may be natural or human-generated on national and regional security; (3) concerns about the loss of security individuals and groups (from small communities to humankind) experience due to environmental change such as water scarcity, air pollution, global warming, and so on. In order to provide sustainability…

RISK ASSESSMENT IN ROMANIA: FROM LEGISLATION TO NEEDS AND POSSIBILITIES

Ecological risk assessment (ERA) is an integral part of the environmental policy assumed by the Romanian Government, according to the standards of the European Union, to which our country hopes to be admitted in 2007. Even though very difficult, the negotiations chapter on environment protection was closed not long ago, the norms the Government has passed, inspired by the Community ones, being quite convincing. The paper presents the general ERA national policy framework, as well as some cases of where human health and ERA have been or should be applied: Baia Mare cyanide spill; Copsa Mica area, where the old pollution with Pb and Cd encompasses more than 40 km 2 , with high risks for popul…

THE VOLATILE OIL QUALITATIVE VARIATION IN THE UNDERGROUND ORGANS OF THE ANGELICA ARCHANGELICA L. FAMILIES DESCENDANTS

HPTLC and GC-MS for separation and identification of eugenol in plants

Samples of clove, nutmeg, and cinnamon have been extracted by maceration with ethanol for 24 h and with aqueous ethanol 48 h. Rhizomes of herb bennet ( Geum urbanum ) and calamus ( Aconum calamus ) and roots of valerian ( Valeriana officinalis ) have been subjected to aqueous hydrolysis then extraction with dichloromethane. The active principles from the samples were separated on silica gel HPTLC plates, with pure (standard) and dental (pharmaceutical) eugenol, using n -heptane-ethyl acetate 60+40 ( v / v ) as mobile phase. After development the components were visualized in UV light at λ = 254 nm. The presence of eugenol was confirmed by GC-MS.