0000000000510098
AUTHOR
I. Moreno
Effects of inhaled nitric oxide on primary graft dysfunction in lung transplantation.
Introduction and Objectives. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a gaseous drug with known properties of specific pulmonary vasodilation and improved oxygenation. In some clinical trials on lung transplantation (LT) in animals, it has been demonstrated to reduce primary graft dysfunction (PGD) by limiting neutrophil adhesion and the inflammatory cascade. Our objective was to assess whether iNO showed this immunomodulatory effect by determining interleukin (IL)-6, -8, and -10 levels in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in LT patients, and its relationship with PGD incidence. Materials and Methods. Forty-nine LT patients were recruited and included in the iNO or in the control group. Patients …
The impact of conversion on the risk of major complication following laparoscopic colonic surgery: an international, multicentre prospective audit.
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy has now been implemented as a standard of care for elective colonic resection around the world. During the adoption period, studies showed that conversion may be detrimental to patients, with poorer outcomes than both laparoscopic completed or planned open surgery. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether laparoscopic conversion was associated with a higher major complication rate than planned open surgery in contemporary, international practice.METHODS: Combined analysis of the European Society of Coloproctology 2017 and 2015 audits. Patients were included if they underwent elective resection of a colonic segment from the caecum to the rectosigmoid jun…
Evaluating the incidence of pathological complete response in current international rectal cancer practice: the barriers to widespread safe deferral of surgery
INTRODUCTION: The mainstay of management for locally advanced rectal cancer is chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection. Following chemoradiotherapy, a complete response may be detected clinically and radiologically (cCR) prior to surgery or pathologically after surgery (pCR). We aim to report the overall complete pathological response (pCR) rate and the reliability of detecting a cCR by conventional pre-operative imaging.METHODS: A pre-planned analysis of the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) 2017 audit was performed. Patients treated by elective rectal resection were included. A pCR was defined as a ypT0 N0 EMVI negative primary tumour; a partial response represented any r…
An international multicentre prospective audit of elective rectal cancer surgery; operative approach versus outcome, including transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME)
Introduction: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) has rapidly emerged as a novel approach for rectal cancer surgery. Safety profiles are still emerging and more comparative data is urgently needed. This study aimed to compare indications and short-term outcomes of TaTME, open, laparoscopic, and robotic TME internationally. Methods: A pre-planned analysis of the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) 2017 audit was performed. Patients undergoing elective total mesorectal excision (TME) for malignancy between 1 January 2017 and 15 March 2017 by any operative approach were included. The primary outcome measure was anastomotic leak. Results: Of 2579 included patients, 76.2% (1966/257…
Global transcriptional profiling ofCandida albicans cwt1 null mutant
CaCwt1p is a Candida albicans putative transcriptional factor homologue to Rds2p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The lack of this protein in S. cerevisiae leads to a pleiotropic resistance to drugs and defects in cell wall architecture that are also detectable in C. albicans. It is also known that CaCwt1p is mainly expressed in the stationary growth phase of this fungus. In order to elucidate the role of CWT1, transcriptome analysis of the mutant strain was performed in exponential and stationary growth phases. A total of 460 genes were found to be up- or downregulated in the mutant strain growing exponentially, and 666 genes presented a misregulation when cwt1 cells reached the stationary pha…
Analysis of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in lung transplantation: correlation with nitric oxide administration.
Introduction and Objectives. Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) following lung transplantation (LT) is associated with an activation of the inflammatory cascade and release of cytokines. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) provides specific pulmonary vasodilatation and improves oxygenation. Our objective was to verify whether administering iNO to LT patients modified the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) interleukin (IL)-6 and -8 levels in the event of PGD. Materials and Methods. Thirty-two LT patients were randomized to the iNO treatment or the control group. Patients in the first group were given 10 ppm of iNO from the start of LT until 48 hours afterward. BAL and peripheral arterial blood sampl…