0000000000511238
AUTHOR
Jean-marc A. Lobaccaro
Liver X receptor activation promotes polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis in macrophages : relevance in the context of atherosclerosis
Objective— Liver X receptors (LXRs) modulate cholesterol and fatty acid homeostasis as well as inflammation. This study aims to decipher the role of LXRs in the regulation of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis in macrophages in the context of atherosclerosis. Approach and Results— Transcriptomic analysis in human monocytes and macrophages was used to identify putative LXR target genes among enzymes involved in PUFA biosynthesis. In parallel, the consequences of LXR activation or LXR invalidation on PUFA synthesis and distribution were determined. Finally, we investigated the impact of LXR activation on PUFA metabolism in vivo in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice. mRNA levels of acyl…
Induction of Transglutaminase 2 by a Liver X Receptor/Retinoic Acid Receptor α Pathway Increases the Clearance of Apoptotic Cells by Human Macrophages
Rationale: Liver X receptors (LXRs) are oxysterol-activated nuclear receptors that are involved in the control of cholesterol homeostasis and inflammatory response. Human monocytes and macrophages express high levels of these receptors and are appropriate cells to study the response to LXR agonists. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify new LXR targets in human primary monocytes and macrophages and the consequences of their activation. Methods and Results: We show that LXR agonists significantly increase the mRNA and protein levels of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR)α in primary monocytes and macrophages. LXR agonists promote RARα gene transcription through binding to a spec…