Lo spettro impulsivo-compulsivo nell’addiction: una prospettiva in- tegrata sullo sviluppo delle dipendenze patologiche in adolescenza

The evaluation of alcohol use disorder is the important first stage of interven- tions and treatments. The S.A.I.D. is an auto-evaluation test built on the assumption that alcoho- lism is close connected to the other person’s life problems that may have contributed to rouse, exacerbate or maintain alcoholism. The test is composed of 39 items, presented as auto-descriptions, that provide patient’s diagnostic profile articulated in two specific areas (social area and psycho- logical area), each divided in 9 scales (work/study; relationships; social relation- ship; cure/physical health; depression; hostility; inattention, anxiety,alexitimya) investigated through specific behavioural indexes th…

Gambling e Psicopatia

Uno degli elementi che emerge frequentemente in letteratura è l’associazione osservabile tra psicopatia e dipendenze patologiche, sia da sostanza che comportamentali. I dati di ricerca mostrano, infatti, una correlazione significativa tra PCL-R e consumo di sostanze (Blackburn & Coid, 1998; Brinkley et al., 2001; Rutherford et al., 2000), in particolare con il fattore 2 della PCL-R, quello connesso allo stile di vita antisociale. Queste associazioni sono coerenti con l’idea che un tratto determinante della psicopatia è l’elevata impulsività, spesso connessa alle condotte di risk-taking. Tale connessione si osserva anche per ciò che concerne la relazione tra psicopatia e gioco d’azzardo pato…

Psicobiologia dell'attaccamento

In this work, the emotional and cerebral development of the individual is treated as a complex process, within which genetic and experiential factors interact; equal focus is given to these factors as is through the interactions of both that the human brain achieves full maturity. The recent literature on neuroscientific findings has allowed to understand further which are the mechanisms that play the most important role in the human brain. In particular, this recent work has pointed out the importance of precocious experiences of emotional syntonization between the baby and its development partners; the quality of the experiences that such partners will be able to provide will configure no…

Il ruolo delle rappresentazioni di attaccamento nella psicopatia

La valutazione della psicopatia con la PCL-R e aspetti depressivi

La PCL-R è lo strumento più utilizzato al mondo per la misurazione del costrutto di psicopatia: si tratta di un test clinician-report multimetodo che, attraverso l’applicazione di un’intervista semistrutturata e l’analisi della documentazione personale, degli atti processuali e delle informazioni collaterali relative al soggetto, permette di valutare accuratamente il grado di psicopatia di un individuo.

USO CLINICO DELL ADULT ATTACHMENT INTERVIEW: UN APPROFONDIMENTO

This article aims at illustrating how the patients assessment and the process of psychotherapy can be significantly improved by the administration of the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). The AAI questions evoke the memories of the interactions with the caregiving figures during childhood, thus providing an access to the patients states of mind regarding attachment; these childhood memories are crucial for the individuals approach to world and relationships, as they constitute the core of the Internal Working Models. Accordingly, the administration of the AAI can help the clinician and the patient in the development of the therapeutic alliance, also allowing an in-depth exploration of the p…

Il ruolo del trauma nell'addiction

The Relationship Between Attachment and Psychopathy: A Study with a Sample of Violent Offenders

This study used a mixed quantitative-qualitative methodology to investigate the relationship between attachment and psychopathy. The Psychopathy Checklist- Revised (PCL-R; Hare 2003) was administered to 139 Italian offenders who were convicted of violent crimes (murder, rape, child sexual abuse, armed robbery, assault causing bodily harm). First, we explored whether the two PCL-R items theoretically denoting devaluation of attachment bonds (promiscuous sexual behavior and many marital relationships) were able to predict PCL-R total, factor and facet scores. Subse- quently, we analyzed the transcripts of the 10 participants who obtained the highest PCL-R scores in the sample, assessing their…