Two-phonon octupole excitation inGd146

2010

Based on experimental evidence from the $^{144}\mathrm{Sm}$($\ensuremath{\alpha},2n$) reaction, the $3484.7$-keV ${6}^{+}$ state in $^{146}\mathrm{Gd}$ is identified as the highest-spin member of the ${3}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\bigotimes}{3}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ two-phonon octupole quartet. A previously unknown $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ line of $1905.8$ keV and $E3$ character feeding the ${3}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ octupole state has been observed. These results represent the first observation of a ${6}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{3}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{0}^{+}$ cascade of two $E3$ transitions in an even-even nucleus and provide strong support for the interpretation of the ${6…

The two particle-phonon multiplet ?h 11/2 ?f 7/2 � 3? and higher-lying four-nucleon yrast states in the doubly-odd nucleus 146 63 Eu83

1988

From in-beamγ-ray measurements we have established the high-spin states in146Eu up to 3.5 MeV excitation andIπ=(15+). The highest levels observed are formed by alignment of four nucleons, involving excitation of the144Sm core. Negative-parity states at about 2 MeV are classified asπh11/2νf7/2 × 3− octupole excitations. Quantitative analyses for the octupole multiplet members and for theν=4 states based on empirical data from neighbouring nuclei are presented.

Shell model and octupole states in148Gd from in-beam experiments

1990

Through (α, 4n) and (τ, 3n) reactions the high-spin states in the two-neutron nucleus148Gd were populated up toI π=21− at 7.2 MeV, including numerous states above the yrast line. The148Gd energy spectrum is interpreted in terms of the spherical shell model. Identification of the (νf 7/2 i 1 3/2)10− state gives the νi 13/2 single particle energy free of octupole admixtures as 2.1(1) MeV. Eight high-spin states between 1.2 and 3.7 MeV were identified as the couplings of the two valence-particles to the146Gd octupole phonon, and three above-lying levels are assigned as double-octupole excitations including a 12+ state which decays by anE3-E3 stretched cascade. All these octupole levels can be …

The 235 ns 9+ isomer in 63 148 Eu85

1981

From (p, xn) in-beamγ-ray and electron measurements aT1/2=235(14) ns isomer at 720 keV was identified in63148Eu85 and the levels populated in its decay have been characterized. The results determineIπ=9+ for the isomeric state, and we assign it as the (πh11/2j0−2ν f72/3)9+ shell model state, analogous to the configuration of the 235 μs isomer in63146Eu83.

High spin shell model excitations in149Gd

1981

The high spin level structure of the three-neutron nucleus149Gd has been investigated by in-beamγ-ray and electron spectroscopy with (α, xn) reactions. The observed levels are characterized as members of the shell model multipletsνf 7 2/3 ,νh 9/2 f 7 2/2 ,νf 7 2/3 ×3−,νh 9/2 f 7 2/2 ×3−, and tentativelyνf 7 2/3 ×(3−)2. The energies of theν f 7 2/3 states agree only moderately with those calculated using empirical two-nucleon interactions taken from148Gd, which indicates the importance of long range contributions already atN=85.

Two-Phonon Octupole Excitation in 146Gd

2006

The excited states in 146Gd have been re‐investigated with the 144Sm(α,2n) reaction using a modern Ge γ‐ray array including a polarimeter. Amongst the non‐yrast states populated in this reaction we have identified the aligned 6+ member of the two‐phonon octupole quartet from the observation of the E3 branching to the one phonon 3− state. Our results represent the first observation of a 6+→3−→0+ E3 cascade in an even‐even nucleus.

Muonic Isotope Shifts in the Even Fe Nuclei

1975