Nucleon resonances inπNscattering up to energiess⩽2.0GeV

A meson-exchange model for pion-nucleon scattering was previously constructed using a three-dimensional reduction scheme of the Bethe-Salpeter equation for a model Lagrangian involving $\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\eta},N,\ensuremath{\Delta},\ensuremath{\rho}$, and \ensuremath{\sigma} fields. We thereby extend our previous work by including the $\ensuremath{\eta}N$ channel and all the $\ensuremath{\pi}N$ resonances with masses $~2$ GeV, up to the $F$ waves. The effects of the $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}N$ channels are taken into account by introducing an effective width in the resonance propagators. The extended model gives an excellent fit to both $\ensuremath{\pi}N$ phase shifts an…