0000000000698775
AUTHOR
Cristina Roldán-carmona
Perovskite/Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells in the Substrate Configuration with Potential for Bifacial Operation.
Perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cells have recently exceeded the record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of single-junction perovskite solar cells. They are typically built in the superstrate configuration, in which the device is illuminated from the substrate side. This limits the fabrication of the solar cell to transparent substrates, typically glass coated with a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), and adds constraints because the first subcell that is deposited on the substrate must contain the wide-bandgap perovskite. However, devices in the substrate configuration could potentially be fabricated on a large variety of opaque and inexpensive substrates, such as plastic and metal fo…
A comparative study of Ir(III) complexes with pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline and pyrazino[2,3-f][4,7]phenanthroline ligands in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs).
We report the comparative study of the electrochemical and photoluminescent properties of two Ir(iii) complexes described as [Ir(F2ppy)2(N^N)][PF6], where the F2ppy ligand is 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine and the N^N ligands are pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline (ppl) and pyrazino[2,3-f][4,7]phenanthroline (ppz). The complexes were used for the fabrication of light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). The structures of the complexes have been corroborated by X-ray crystallography. Theoretical calculations were performed to understand the photophysical behavior of the complexes. Both in solution and solid state, the photoluminescence spectra shows that emission is significantly red-shif…
Dynamically Doped White Light Emitting Tandem Devices
Solution-processed, salt-containing, blue and orange light-emitting layers lead to efficient white light-emitting devices when arranged in a tandem configuration separated by a thin metal layer.
Iridium(III) Complexes with Phenyl-tetrazoles as Cyclometalating Ligands
Ir(II) cationic complexes with cyclometalating tetrazolate ligands were prepared for the first time, following a two-step strategy based on (i) a silver-assisted cyclometalation reaction of a tetrazole derivative with IrCl3 affording a bis-cyclometalated solvato-complex P ([Ir(ptrz)(2)(CH3CN)(2)](+), Hptrz = 2-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazole); (ii) a substitution reaction with five neutral ancillary ligands to get [Ir(ptrz)(2)L](+), with L = 2,2'-bypiridine (1), 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (2), 1,10-phenanthroline (3), and 2-(1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (4), and [Ir(ptrz)(2)L-2](+), with L = tertbutyl isocyanide (5). X-ray crystal structures of P, 2, and 3 were solved. Elect…
Metal-Oxide-Free Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite-Based Solar Cells: the Influence of Organic Charge Transport Layers
Metal-oxide-free methylammonium lead iodide perovskite-based solar cells are prepared using a dual-source thermal evaporation method. This method leads to high quality reproducible films with large crystal domain sizes allowing for an in depth study of the effect of perovskite film thickness and the nature of the electron and hole blocking layers on the device performance. The power conversion efficiency increases from 4.7% for a device with only an organic electron blocking layer to almost 15% when an organic hole blocking layer is also employed. In addition to the in depth study on small area cells, larger area cells (approx. 1 cm(-2)) are prepared and exhibit efficiencies in excess of 10…
High efficiency single-junction semitransparent perovskite solar cells
Semitransparent perovskite solar cells with a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) above 6% and 30% full device transparency have been achieved by implementing a thin perovskite layer and a simple foil compatible layout.
Tuning the Emission of Cationic Iridium (III) Complexes Towards the Red Through Methoxy Substitution of the Cyclometalating Ligand
The synthesis, characterization and evaluation in solid-state devices of a series of 8 cationic iridium complexes bearing different numbers of methoxy groups on the cyclometallating ligands are reported. The optoelectronic characterization showed a dramatic red shift in the absorption and the emission and a reduction of the electrochemical gap of the complexes when a methoxy group was introduced para to the Ir-C bond. The addition of a second or third methoxy group did not lead to a significant further red shift in these spectra. Emission maxima over the series ranged from 595 to 730 nm. All complexes possessing a motif with a methoxy group at the 3-position of the cyclometalating ligands s…
Efficient photovoltaic and electroluminescent perovskite devices.
Planar diode structures employing hybrid organic–inorganic methylammonium lead iodide perovskites lead to multifunctional devices exhibiting both a high photovoltaic efficiency and good electroluminescence. The electroluminescence strongly improves at higher current density applied using a pulsed driving method.
Light-emitting electrochemical cells: recent progress and future prospects
We provide a short review on light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), one of the simplest kinds of electroluminescent devices. In their simplest form, they consist of just one active layer containing an emitter and a salt. They operate with low voltages, which allows for high power efficiencies, and air-stable electrodes, which simplifies the encapsulation requirements. The aim of this review is to highlight the recent advances and the main remaining challenges. We describe the current understanding of their peculiar operation mechanism and focus on the major concepts used to improve their performance.
Efficient Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Thin Compact Vacuum Deposited CH3NH3PbI3 Films
Lead halide perovskite materials are promising candidates for the application of semitransparent solar cells due to their bandgap tunability and high device efficiencies. The high absorption coefficient of these materials, however, makes it difficult to attain high average visible transmittance values without compromising the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). In this work, a co-evaporation process is employed to fabricate thin (50 and 100 nm) methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI) perovskite films and integrate them in semitransparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PSCs). Due to the compact nature of the thin MAPI films, the resultant fully vacuum and room temperature-processed devices demonstra…
Red emitting [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]+ complexes employing bidentate 2,2':6,2''-terpyridine ligands for light-emitting electrochemical cells
2,2':6',2''-Terpyridine (tpy), 4'-(4-HOC6H4)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (1), 4'-(4-MeOC6H4)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (2), 4'-(4-MeSC6H4)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (3), 4'-(4-H2NC6H4)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (4) and 4'-(4-pyridyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (4) act as N^N chelates in complexes of the type [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)][PF6] in which the cyclometallating ligand, C^N, is derived from 2-phenylpyridine (Hppy) or 3,5-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole (Hdmppz). The single crystal structures of eight complexes have been determined, and in each iridium(III) complex cation, the non-coordinated pyridine ring of the tpy unit is involved in a face-to-face π-stacking interaction with the cyclometallated ring of an …
Flexible high efficiency perovskite solar cells
Flexible perovskite based solar cells with power conversion efficiencies of 7% have been prepared on PET based conductive substrates. Extended bending of the devices does not deteriorate their performance demonstrating their suitability for roll to roll processing.
Pulsed-current versus constant-voltage light-emitting electrochemical cells with trifluoromethyl-substituted cationic iridium(iii) complexes
We report on five cationic iridium(III) complexes with cyclometalating 2-(3′-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridine and a diimine, [(C⁁N)2Ir(N⁁N)](PF6), N⁁N = 4,4′-R2-2,2′-dipyridyl or 4,7-R2-1,10-phenanthroline (R = H, Me, tert-Bu, Ph), and characterize three of them by crystal structure analysis. The complexes undergo oxidation of the Ir–aryl fragment at 1.13–1.16 V (against ferrocene couple) and reduction of the N⁁N ligand at −1.66 V to −1.86 V, and have a redox gap of 2.84–2.99 V. The complexes exhibit bluish-green to green-yellow phosphorescence in an argon-saturated dichloromethane solution at room temperature with a maximum at 486–520 nm, quantum yield of 61–67%, and an excited-state lifetim…
Engineering Charge Injection Interfaces in Hybrid Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) consists of a thin film of an ionic organic semiconductor sandwiched between two electrodes. Because of the large density of ions, LECs are often reported to perform independently on the electrodes work function. Here we use metal oxides as charge injection layers and demonstrate that, although electroluminescence is observed independently of the electrodes used, the device performances are strongly dependent on the choice of the interface materials. Relying on metal oxide charge injection layers, such hybrid devices are of interest for real lighting applications and could pave the way for new efficient, stable, low-cost lighting sources.
Azatruxene‐Based, Dumbbell‐Shaped, Donor–π‐Bridge–Donor Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Three novel donor-π-bridge-donor (D-π-D) hole-transporting materials (HTMs) featuring triazatruxene electron-donating units bridged by different 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) π-conjugated linkers have been synthesized, characterized, and implemented in mesoporous perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optoelectronic properties of the new dumbbell-shaped derivatives (DTTXs) are highly influenced by the chemical structure of the EDOT-based linker. Red-shifted absorption and emission and a stronger donor ability were observed in passing from DTTX-1 to DTTX-2 due to the extended π-conjugation. DTTX-3 featured an intramolecular charge transfer between the external triazatruxene units and the azo…
Fluorine-free blue-green emitters for light-emitting electrochemical cells
Date of Acceptance: 29/05/2014 There is presently a lack of efficient and stable blue emitters for light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs), which limits the development of white light emitting systems for lighting. Cyclometalated iridium complexes as blue emitters tend to show low photoluminescence efficiency due to significant ligand-centred character of the radiative transition. The most common strategy to blue-shift the emission is to use fluorine substituents on the cyclometalating ligand, such as 2,4-difluorophenylpyridine, dFppy, which has been shown to decrease the stability of the emitter in operating devices. Herein we report a series of four new charged cyclometalated iridium…
CCDC 1044762: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Related Article: Iván González, Paulina Dreyse, Diego Cortés-Arriagada, Mahesh Sundararajan, Claudio Morgado, Iván Brito, Cristina Roldán-Carmona, Henk J. Bolink, Bárbara Loeb|2015|Dalton Trans.|44|14771|doi:10.1039/C5DT01385B
Data Underpinning - Tuning the emission of cationic iridium (III) complexes towards the red through methoxy substitution of the cyclometalating ligand
EZ-C acknowledges CFI (Canadian Foundation for Innovation), NSERC (the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada), FQRNT (Le Fonds québécois de la recherche sur la nature et les technologies) and the University of St Andrews for financial support. C. R-C. would like to thank the MINECO for the financial support of this research in the framework of project CTQ2010-17481, the Junta de Andalucía (CICyE) for special financial support (P08-FQM-4011 and P10-FQM-6703) and the MECD (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sport) for an FPU grant. This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) (MAT2014-55200), the Generalitat Valenc…
CCDC 914725: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Related Article: Nail M. Shavaleev, Rosario Scopelliti, Michael Grätzel, Mohammad K. Nazeeruddin, Antonio Pertegás, Cristina Roldán-Carmona, Daniel Tordera and Henk J. Bolink|2013|J.Mater.Chem.C|1|2241|doi:10.1039/C3TC00808H
CCDC 1027525: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Related Article: Iván González, Paulina Dreyse, Diego Cortés-Arriagada, Mahesh Sundararajan, Claudio Morgado, Iván Brito, Cristina Roldán-Carmona, Henk J. Bolink, Bárbara Loeb|2015|Dalton Trans.|44|14771|doi:10.1039/C5DT01385B
CCDC 914726: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Related Article: Nail M. Shavaleev, Rosario Scopelliti, Michael Grätzel, Mohammad K. Nazeeruddin, Antonio Pertegás, Cristina Roldán-Carmona, Daniel Tordera and Henk J. Bolink|2013|J.Mater.Chem.C|1|2241|doi:10.1039/C3TC00808H
CCDC 914724: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Related Article: Nail M. Shavaleev, Rosario Scopelliti, Michael Grätzel, Mohammad K. Nazeeruddin, Antonio Pertegás, Cristina Roldán-Carmona, Daniel Tordera and Henk J. Bolink|2013|J.Mater.Chem.C|1|2241|doi:10.1039/C3TC00808H