Lactones from the Sponge-Derived Fungus Talaromyces rugulosus.

The marine-derived fungus Talaromyces rugulosus isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Axinella cannabina and cultured on solid rice medium yielded seventeen lactone derivatives including five butenolides (1–5), seven (3S)-resorcylide derivatives (6–12), two butenolide-resorcylide dimers (13 and 14), and three dihydroisocoumarins (15–17). Among them, fourteen compounds (1–3, 6–16) are new natural products. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy as well as by ESI-HRMS (ElectroSpray Ionization-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry). TDDFT-ECD (Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory-Electronic Circular Dichroism) calcul…