0000000000765530
AUTHOR
Alessandro Riccardo
Contribution of proteomics to understanding the role of tumor-derived exosomes in cancer progression: State of the art and new perspectives
Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles (40-100 nm diameter) of endocytic origin released from different cell types under both normal and pathological conditions. They function as cell free messengers, playing a relevant role in the cell-cell communication that is strongly related to the nature of the molecules (proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, and lipids) that they transport. Tumor cells actively shed exosomes into their surrounding microenvironment and growing evidence indicates that these vesicles have pleiotropic functions in the regulation of tumor progression, promoting immune escape, tumor invasion, neovascularization, and metastasis. During the last few years remarkable efforts have been made…
LEMON-DERIVED EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES EXERT ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS BY INHIBITING THE ERK/NF-KB PATHWAY
nflammation can be the leading cause of several diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and ulcerative colitis; however, the existing anti-inflammatory drugs cause side effects. For these reasons, it is necessary to find new supportive therapeutic agents. In recent years, plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) are gaining increasing interest in the scientific community as they have been found to possess a variety of biological properties; among those, the anti-inflammatory effects have been described by different groups that evaluated the effects of PDEVs in in vitro and in vivo models. We successfully isolated and characterized extracellular vesicles from Citrus limon juice (LEVs) and …
Nobiletin and xanthohumol sensitize colorectal cancer stem cells to standard chemotherapy
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer stem cells (CR-CSCs) play a pivotal role in the therapy resistance and relapse of CRC patients. Herein we demonstrate that new treatment approaches comprising polymethoxyflavones and prenylflavonoids extracted from Citrus sinensis and Humulus lupulus, respectively, hamper the viability of CR-CSCs as well as synergizing with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOX)-based chemotherapy. Extract fractions containing Nobiletin and Xanthohumol, in combination with chemotherapy, decreased stemness properties of CR-CSCs and restrained the outgrowth of chemoresistant metastatic CR-CSCs. These data pinpoint Nobiletin and Xanthohumol as efficacious anti-cancer compounds in…
EXOSOMES DERIVED FROM METASTATIC COLON CANCER CELLS TRANSFER MALIGNANT PHENOTYPIC TRAITS TO SURROUNDING CELLS: THEIR EMERGING ROLE IN TUMOR HETEROGENEITY
Several studies have clearly demonstrated that within a heterogeneous tumor mass the inter-clonal cooperation between metastatic and non-metastatic cells can facilitate the tumor progression. Recent accumulating evidence has highlighted that tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) play a relevant role as mediator of the inter-clonal collaborative cooperation affecting the properties of both tumor and non-tumor component. In this context, our goal was to understand if exosomes derived from highly metastatic cells may influence the behaviour of less aggressive tumor cells and the properties of endothelium. We found that metastatic SW620 cells transfer through exosomes (SW620Exos) their round/amoeboid p…
SWATH-MS reveals a key role for IPO7 in the molecular mechanism underlying antitumor effects of curcumin on Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia cells
Imatinib represents the elective drug for the treatment of patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). However, albeit it is effective in controlling CML and preventing progression to blast crisis (BC), it is not curative. Therefore, it is mandatory to find novel therapeutic combinations to completely eradicate CML. It was described that CML cells expressing higher level of BCR-ABL show an increased glucose metabolism (termed aerobic glycolysis or Warburg effect) correlated with a non-hypoxic induction of HIF-1α, factor implicated in leukemia stem cells (LSCs) maintenance[1,2]. In the present study, we demonstrated that curcumin, an Indian spice with multiple anticancer properties, is…
PROTEOMIC CHANGES INDUCED BY LOW-INTENSITY ENDURANCE EXERCISE IN MDX MOUSE QUADRICEPS: CORRELATION WITH REDUCTION OF MUSCLE DEGENERATION.
Previous study showed that low-intensity endurance exercise induced a significant recovery of damaged skeletal muscle in mdx mice, probably by reducing the degeneration of dystrophic muscle1. In order to explore the molecular basis of this observation, we perfomed a proteomic analysis to evaluate changes in proteins profiling of quadriceps dystrophic muscles of exercised versus sedentary mdx mice. Four protein spots were found significantly changed and were identified as three isoforms of Carbonic anhydrase 3 (CA3) and as superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (SODC). Protein levels of CA3 isoforms were found significantly up-regulated in quadriceps of sedentary mdx mice (MDX-Sed) and were completely…