Multiple pregnancies and air pollution in moderately polluted cities: Is there an association between air pollution and fetal growth?

Background: Multiple pregnancies (where more than one fetus develops simultaneously in the womb) are systematically excluded from studies of the impact of air pollution on pregnancy outcomes. This study aims to analyze, in a population of multiple pregnancies, the relationship between fetal growth restriction (FGR), small for gestational age (SGA) and exposure to air pollution in moderately polluted cities. Methods: All women with multiple pregnancies living in the city of Besançon or in the urban area of Dijon and who delivered at a university hospital between 2005 and 2009 were included. FGR and SGA were obtained from medical records. Outdoor residential nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure wa…

Does low to moderate environmental exposure to noise and air pollution influence preterm delivery in medium-sized cities?

International audience; Background: Preterm birth (PB) is an important predictor of childhood morbidity and educational performance. Beyond the known risk factors, environmental factors, such as air pollution and noise, have been implicated in PB. In urban areas, these pollutants coexist. Very few studies have examined the effects of multi-exposure on the pregnancy duration. The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between PB and environmental chronic multi-exposure to noise and air pollution in medium-sized cities.Methods: A case-control study was conducted among women living in the city of Besançon (121 671 inhabitants) or in the urban unit of Dijon (243 936 inhabitants…

A quels niveaux sonores les enfants scolarisés sont-ils exposés lors du trajet domicile-école ?

Modélisation de l'exposition au bruit en milieu urbain et études épidémiologiques : quelles sources sonores ?

National audience; Epidemiological studies on noise in urban areas are mostly based on a modelling approach which only focuses on noise sources related to transportation and industries. Additional sources are likely to influence the ambient noise level, but the spatio-temporal influence they could have is rarely studied. The objective of this study is to identify urban noise sources that could improve environmental noise prediction and to quantify their respective contributions. An acoustic measurement campaign was conducted in frontage of 44 dwellings located on the city of Besancon (France). Measurements were compared to noise levels predictions produced from different noise maps in which…

Exposition environnementale au bruit et à la pollution de l'air au cours de la grossesse avec comorbidités associées

L’objectif était d’analyser le lien entre l’exposition environnementale au bruit et à la pollution de l’air en milieu urbain et la prématurité chez les femmes dont le risque d’accouchement prématuré était augmenté par la présence d’une ou plusieurs comorbidités. Méthode. Une étude cas-témoins a été conduite sur les grossesses uniques accompagnées d’au moins une comorbidité. Les accouchements ont eu au CHU de Besançon ou de Dijon entre 2005 et 2009. Le niveau sonore de nuit (Lnight en façade du bâtiment d’habitation) et la concentration en dioxyde d’azote (NO2) dans les 50 m autour de l’habitation ont été modélisés à l’adresse déclarée au moment de l’accouchement. Une régression logistique c…

Le bruit en milieu urbain : bruit et scolarité à Besançon

Noise annoyance in urban children: a cross-sectional population-based study

International audience; Acoustical and non-acoustical factors influencing noise annoyance in adults have been well-documented in recent years; however, similar knowledge is lacking in children. The aim of this study was to quantify the annoyance caused by chronic ambient noise at home in children and to assess the relationship between these children0s noise annoyance level and individual and contextual factors in the surrounding urban area. A cross sectional population-based study was conducted including 517 children attending primary school in a European city. Noise annoyance was measured using a self-report questionnaire adapted for children. Six noise exposure level indicators were built…