0000000000862012
AUTHOR
G Sciandrello
Studio sull'induzione di danno al DNA, micronuclei ed alterazioni del ciclo cellulare da condensato di sigaretta
Numerosi studi confermano l’associazione tra fumo di sigaretta e insorgenza di patologie-polmonari, cardiovascolari e tumori. Il fumo, infatti, contiene diversi composti mutageni c cancerogeni. Premesso che non esiste una sigaretta sicura, è comunque possibile attuare strategie per caratterizzare e ridurre il rischio. In questo studio, abbiamo utilizzato test in vitro per investigare i possibili meccanismi d’azione del condensato di sigaretta (CSC), ovvero la frazione particolata del fumo, assorbita nei polmoni del fumatore e successivamente metabolizzata. Analisi precedenti avevano dimostrato che il CSC, dopo 24h di trattamento induce decremento della vitalità delle cellule Swiss3T3 (IC50 …
Persistent dysregulation of DNA methylation in cells with arsenic-induced genomic instability
The mechanisms by which arsenic-induced genomic instability is initiated and maintained are poorly understood. In previous studies long-term progression of chromosomal instability was typified by increasing aneuploidy in Chinese hamster V79 and human keratinocyte cells treated with arsenite for a 24 hr exposure period followed by growth in arsenic-free medium for 40-120 cell generations. In the current study the role of progressive DNA methylation changes was evaluated in long-term cell cultures after brief arsenite treatments as above. We have found altered genomic methylation patterns in cells that were briefly exposed to arsenic with evidence for widespread dysregulation of CpG methylati…
Genotoxicity of Terpenes Present in Wastewater of a Citrus Transformation Factory in Bacterial and Mammalian Cells and Effectiveness of Photocatalytic Degradation
The aim of this work was to compare the genotoxic responses of mixtures of terpenes present in wastewaters of a citrus transformation factory with the genotoxicity of the individual compounds. Samplings of wastewater collected before (untreated sample) and past water purification by biological method (treated sample) were analyzed using Solid Phase Micro-extraction (SPME) followed by GC analyses. The chromatograms showed in all effluents the presence of four terpenes: pinene, -pinene, 3-carene, D-limonene. The concentrations of terpenes in the untreated sample were 1–3 orders of magnitude higher than in the treated sample. Genotoxicity was evaluated in the Salmonella reversion assay (Ames t…