Public Policies Supporting the Transition from the Oil and Gas Industry to a Sustainable Blue Economy

In 2019, the European Union (EU) introduced a comprehensive strategy called the ‘European Green Deal’ to become the first climate-neutral continent by 2050. On the path toward this goal, several policy instruments have been introduced to reduce emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels (European Commission, 2019, p. 2-4). One of the primary sources of climate regulation toward this objective is within the oceans (Regjeringen, 2017, p. 102). Therefore, a transition to a sustainable blue economy can be an essential climate measure and an important new source of income for Norway (Regjeringen, 2021a). As the oil and gas industry is one of the primary ocean industries in Norway…