0000000001078171
AUTHOR
Jacques Auger
Comparison of the chemopreventive efficacies of garlic powders with different alliin contents against aflatoxin B1 carcinogenicity in rats
Garlic (Allium sativum) is well known for its beneficial effects on health and particularly for its chemopreventive potential against cancer. The present study was designed to compare the chemopreventive efficacies of several garlic powders with various levels of alliin, a precursor of active sulfur compounds. For this purpose we used the medium-term hepatocarcinogenesis protocol (resistant hepatocyte model), which allows the detection of preneoplasic foci expressing the placental form of glutathione S-transferase (GST-P) as an end-point. Rats were fed diets containing three garlic powders (5% of the diet) with various alliin contents for 3 weeks. Garlic powders were obtained from bulbs gro…
Environmental levels of bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin feminize digit length ratios in male rats: towards a new sensitive indicator of prenatal endocrine disruption and its impact in the progeny. – CIME project
Environmental levels of bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin feminize digit length ratios in male rats: towards a new sensitive indicator of prenatal endocrine disruption and its impact in the progeny. – CIME project. Colloque PNR-PE
Abnormal peripubertal development of the rat mammary gland following exposure in utero and during lactation to a mixture of genistein and the food contaminant vinclozolin
The impact of early exposure to endocrine disruptor mixtures on mammary gland development is poorly known. Here, we identify the effects of a conception to weaning exposure of rats to the phytoestrogen genistein (G) and/or the antiandrogen vinclozolin (V) at 1 mg/kg-d, alone or in association. Using several approaches, we found that G- and GV-exposed rats displayed significantly greater epithelial branching and proliferation, wider terminal end buds than controls at PND35, as well as ductal hyperplasia and periductal fibrosis. Focal branching defects were present in V-exposed rats. An increased ER and AR expression was observed in G- and CV- as compared to V-exposed rats at PND35. Surprisin…
Effect of onion consumption by rats on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes
Fruits and vegetables or their natural constituents which increase detoxication enzymes and/or reduce activating enzymes are considered as good candidates to prevent chemically-induced carcinogenesis. In this study, rats were fed a diet supplemented with 20% onion powder for 9 days. Several cytochrome P450 (CYP)s enzymes (CYP 1A, 2B, 2E1, 3A), which are involved in carcinogen activation, were determined by measuring their enzyme activities using specific substrates. In addition, phase II enzymes activities such as UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), involved in detoxication of carcinogens, were measured. Protein levels of CYPs and GST A1/A2, A3/A5, Ml, M2 …
Effects of garlic powders with varying alliin contents on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats
International audience; The anticarcinogenic effect of garlic has been demonstrated in both epidemiologic and experimental studies. In this study, possible mechanisms involved in the anticarcinogenic effect of garlic consumption were assessed by determining its capacity to alter drug metabolizing enzymes, in relation with its alliin content. Rats were fed a diet for 2 weeks containing 5% garlic powders produced from bulbs grown on soils with different levels of sulfate fertilization and therefore containing differing amounts of alliin. Activities of several hepatic enzymes, which are important in carcinogen metabolism such cytochromes P450 (CYP) and phase II enzymes, were determined. Garlic…
CIME: An integrative and multidisciplinary PNR-PE project on Chronic Impact of ED Mixture Exposure at environmental low doses on Reproduction, Development and Behavior
CIME: An integrative and multidisciplinary PNR-PE project on Chronic Impact of ED Mixture Exposure at environmental low doses on Reproduction, Development and Behavior. Colloque PNR-PE
Differential effects of perinatal, prepubertal or conception to adulthood exposures to a low dose mixture of genistein and vinclozolin on the genital tract and fertility of male rats and their unexposed progeny
Differential effects of perinatal, prepubertal or conception to adulthood exposures to a low dose mixture of genistein and vinclozolin on the genital tract and fertility of male rats and their unexposed progeny. Colloque PNR-PE
Bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin: three endocrine disruptors which differentially affect the mammary gland in rats : critical window of exposure
Bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin: three endocrine disruptors which differentially affect the mammary gland in rats : critical window of exposure. Colloque PNR-PE
Submandibular salivary glands as an endocrine disruptor target: impact of the period of gensitein/vinclozolin exposure in the Rat
Submandibular salivary glands as an endocrine disruptor target: impact of the period of gensitein/vinclozolin exposure in the Rat. Colloque PNR-PE
Bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin: three endocrine disruptors which differentially affect the mammary gland development in rats
Bisphenol A, genistein and vinclozolin: three endocrine disruptors which differentially affect the mammary gland development in rats. 7. Copenhaguen workshop on endocrine disruptors (human environment, lifestyle, and genes in endocrine disruptors)
Low doses in vivo studies of dietary endocrine disruptor mixtures: Sexual dimorphism relevance of biological target for a trans-generational study in a rodent model
Low doses in vivo studies of dietary endocrine disruptor mixtures: Sexual dimorphism relevance of biological target for a trans-generational study in a rodent model. 1. international toxicology of mixtures conference
An integrative and multidisciplinary PNR-PE project for studying Chronic Impact of ED Mixture Exposures at environmental low doses on reproduction, development and behavior.
National audience
Post-weaning xenohormone intake affects adult rat submandibular gland in a sex-dependent manner
International audience; OBJECTIVES: We previously reported that maternal exposure to genistein, vinclozolin, ingested alone or in combination, affects submandibular salivary glands of rats' offspring's. Here, we investigated the responsiveness of submandibular gland when such xenohormone exposure occurs later in life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chemicals were given orally to male and female Wistar rats (1mg/kg body weight per day), from weaning to adulthood. Submandibular glands and plasma were collected at postnatal day 100 for histological and molecular analysis. RESULTS: Whereas no effect was observed in females, increases in granular convoluted tubules area coupled with a modification of sa…
Études in vivo de mélanges de perturbateurs endocriniens alimentaires à faibles doses : analyse phénotypique de cibles biologiques et des conditions expérimentales pour une approche trans-générationnelle sur un modèle rat
National audience
Abnormal peripubertal development of the rat mammary gland following exposure in utero and during lactation to a mixture of genistein and the food contaminant vinclozolin
The impact of early exposure to endocrine disruptor mixtures on mammary gland development is poorly known. Here, we identify the effects of a conception to weaning exposure of rats to the phytoestrogen genistein (G) and/or the antiandrogen vinclozolin (V) at 1 mg/kg-d, alone or in association. Using several approaches, we found that G- and GV-exposed rats displayed significantly greater epithelial branching and proliferation, wider terminal end buds than controls at PND35, as well as ductal hyperplasia and periductal fibrosis. Focal branching defects were present in V-exposed rats. An increased ER and AR expression was observed in G- and CV- as compared to V-exposed rats at PND35. Surprisin…
Diagnostic genetic screening for assisted reproductive technologies patients with macrozoospermia
International audience; Macrozoospermia is characterized by a high proportion of abnormal spermatozoa with enlarged heads. So far, it has been associated with mutations only in the Aurora Kinase C gene (AURKC) in some cases. Although many publications have reported failure to conceive in couples with macrozoospermia, a few others have described successful pregnancies, thus raising questions as to whether ICSI and AURKC genetic screening should be recommended in all patients with macrozoospermia. First, we report on two monozygotic twins presenting macrozoospermia for whom the genetic status was explored (Aurora Kinase C sequencing) and whole semen and gradient-selected spermatozoa were anal…
Endocrine disruptors target collagen type 2 maturation in chondrocytes in vitro – CIME project
Endocrine disruptors target collagen type 2 maturation in chondrocytes in vitro – CIME project. Colloque PNR-PE
Perinatal xenohormone exposure impacts sweet preference and submandibular development in male rats.
Objective To determine the effect of perinatal exposure to low doses of genistein and/or vinclozolin on submandibular salivary gland (SSG) development in juvenile and adult male rats and to establish a link with sweet preference. Material and Methods Female rats received orally (1 mg kg−1 body weight/day) genistein and vinclozolin, alone or in combination, from the first gestational day up to weaning. Sweet preference was assessed at weaning and in adulthood in male offspring; submandibular glands were then collected to study the morphogenesis and mRNA expression of steroid receptors, growth factors and taste related proteins. Results Exposure to genistein and/or vinclozolin resulted in a h…