Child-rearing practices and attitudes as measured by different tecniques : 1, Parental attitudes and child-rearing practices : a methodological study. 2, Child-rearing practices and attitudes in different social environments

QUALITATIVE FACTORS OF FACIAL EXPRESSION

Using the semantic differential technique as scaling method, the basic factors of qualitative variation of facial expression were investigated with 30 Frois-Wittman pictures. Three factors were obtained; these were interpreted with the aid of a separate naming experiment. The factors correspond to the facial expressions associated with the emotional states of hate (anger), pleasure and contempt. The results are in fairly good agreement with those previously obtained by Schlosberg and by Nummenmaa & Kauranne.

Parental attitudes and child-rearing practices : a methodological study