0000000001203706
AUTHOR
Eva Martini
Caspase-8 regulates TNF-alpha induced epithelial necroptosis and terminal ileitis
Two groups identify the regulation of death-receptor-induced necroptosis as an epithelial intrinsic mechanism that is important for the maintenance of immune homeostasis and the prevention of intestinal inflammation in mice. Welz et al. describe an unexpected physiological function for FADD (Fas-associated protein with death domain), an adaptor protein required for death-receptor-induced apoptosis. Mice with intestinal epithelial specific knockout of FADD develop severe colon inflammation due to increased death of FADD-deficient colonic epithelial cells. Gunther et al. report a novel and unexpected function of caspase-8 in maintaining immune homeostasis in the gut. Caspase-8 expression by g…
Activation of Intestinal Epithelial Stat3 Orchestrates Tissue Defense during Gastrointestinal Infection
Gastrointestinal infections with EHEC and EPEC are responsible for outbreaks of diarrheal diseases and represent a global health problem. Innate first-line-defense mechanisms such as production of mucus and antimicrobial peptides by intestinal epithelial cells are of utmost importance for host control of gastrointestinal infections. For the first time, we directly demonstrate a critical role for Stat3 activation in intestinal epithelial cells upon infection of mice with Citrobacter rodentium - a murine pathogen that mimics human infections with attaching and effacing Escherichia coli. C. rodentium induced transcription of IL-6 and IL-22 in gut samples of mice and was associated with activat…