Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.

Background: Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) provide summary measures of health across geographies and time that can inform assessments of epidemiological patterns and health system performance, help to prioritise investments in research and development, and monitor progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We aimed to provide updated HALE and DALYs for geographies worldwide and evaluate how disease burden changes with development. Methods: We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015) for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE a…

Tratamiento con agonistas opiáceos y prolongación del intervalo QTc: una revisión sistemática

Futuro de los programas de mantenimiento con antagonistas en tratamiento de la dependencia de opiáceos.

Introducción: El tratamiento con naltrexona, constituye una de las alternativas dentro de los programas de prevención de recaídas en la dependencia de opiáceos. Objetivo: Se revisan las características farmacológicas de la naltrexona y los aspectos clínicos de su administración en el tratamiento de dependientes de opiáceos, junto con los factores que pueden ayudar a mejorar la eficacia de los programas de mantenimiento con naltrexona. Resultados: La naltrexona, a dosis de 50 mg, bloquea los efectos farmacológicos y subjetivos de los opiáceos. Es habitualmente bien tolerada, provoca pocos efectos secundarios y por lo general leves, siendo las reacciones adversas graves infrecuentes. Problema…

Executive functions, effortful control, and emotional lability in adults with ADHD. implications for functional outcomes

Adults with diagnosis of childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience impairments in self-regulation (SR). This study examined whether subgroups of these impairments can be established based on differentiable patterns. The relationships between these subgroups and a group without ADHD were then analyzed, focusing on functional outcomes. Executive functions, effortful control, and emotional lability, in addition to self-concept, quality of life, and different comorbidities, were evaluated in 61 adults with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD and 54 adults without ADHD. Latent profile analysis (LPA) revealed three ADHD classes based on different self-regulation indicators: "…

Respuestas subjetivas, fisiológicas y en la actividad eléctrica cerebral ante una dosis de cocaína en varones con y sin antecedentes familiares de alcoholismo