6533b7d1fe1ef96bd125d829
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems
Josée FortinJean-marc MeynardC. PlenchetteC. Clermont-dauphinsubject
2. Zero hunger0106 biological sciencesbusiness.industry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesPlant Science15. Life on landHorticultureBiologyArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi01 natural sciencesGlobalizationAgronomy13. Climate actionAgriculture040103 agronomy & agriculture[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologybusinessAgronomy and Crop ScienceCroppingEnvironmental degradationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS010606 plant biology & botanydescription
Market globalization, demographic pressure, and environmental degradation have led us to reconsider many of our current agricultural systems. The heavy use of chemical inputs, including fertilizers and pesticides, has resulted in pollution, decreased biodiversity in intensively-farmed regions, degradation of fragile agro-ecosystems, and prohibitive costs for many farmers. Low input sustainable cropping systems should replace conventional agriculture, but this requires a more comprehensive understanding of the biological interactions within agro-ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi appear to be the most important telluric organisms to consider. Mycorrhizae, which result from a symbiosis between these fungi and plant roots, are directly involved in plant mineral nutrition, the control of plant pathogens, and drought tolerance. Most horticultural and crop plants are symbiotic with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal literature is abundant, showing that stimulation of plant growth can be mainly attributed to improved phosphorous nutrition. Although the mycorrhizal potential of its symbiosis to improve crop production is widely recognized, it is not implemented in agricultural systems. There is an urgent need to improve and widely apply analytical methods to evaluate characteristics such as, relative field mycorrhizal dependency, soil mycorrhizal infectivity, and mycorrhizal receptivity of soil. Decreased use of fertilizers, pesticides, and tillage will favour arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. However, shifting from one system to a more sustainable one is not easy since all components of the cropping system are closely linked. Different cases, from actual agricultural practices in different countries, are analyzed to highlight situations in which mycorrhizae might or might not play a role in developing more sustainable agriculture. Key words: Cropping systems, mycorrhizae, sustainability, technical itineraries, rotation
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005-01-01 |