6533b7d4fe1ef96bd1262896

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Mediadores psicológicos y motivación deportiva en judocas españoles. Psychological mediators and sport motivation in Spanish judokas.

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El presente trabajo analizo las diferencias de la motivacion en situacion precompetitiva de judocas en funcion de los mediadores psicologicos (percepciones de competencia, apoyo a la autonomia y relaciones sociales), tal y como postula el Modelo Jerarquico de la Motivacion Intrinseca, Extrinseca y Amotivacion (Vallerand, 1997, 2001; Vallerand y Losier, 1999). Se empleo una muestra de 181 judocas de edades comprendidas entre los 14 y 16 anos. Utilizamos una metodologia selectiva, con diseno prospectivo simple. Los datos se analizaron mediante un MANOVA, tomando como variables independientes los mediadores psicologicos y el sexo de los deportistas y como variables dependientes cada una de las subescalas de la motivacion planteadas en la Sport Motivation Scale (Pelletier et al., 1995). Los resultados apoyaron parcialmente los postulados de la teoria. Se verificaron las diferencias en motivacion intrinseca en funcion de la percepcion de competencia, apoyo a la autonomia y relaciones sociales. Tambien se verificaron parcialmente las diferencias en la motivacion extrinseca (ME) autodeterminada y de la amotivacion en funcion de estas percepciones. Sin embargo cabe destacar que las diferencias en ME de regulacion externa encontradas en funcion de estas percepciones se dieron en direccion opuesta a los postulados de la teoria. Se explica este resultado a partir de la situacion precompetitiva en la que se encontraban los deportistas. Palabras clave / key words : competencia | autonomia | relaciones sociales | adolescencia | competence | autonomy | social relationships | adolescence Abastract Present study analysed differences between pre-competitive motivation of judokas in function of psychological mediators (perceptions of competence, support to autonomy, and social relationships), as is postulated by the Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and extrinsic Motivation, and Amotivation (Vallerand, 1997, 2001; Vallerand & Losier, 1999). Partipants were 181 judokas aged between 14 and 16. We employed a selective methodology, with a simple prospective design. Data were analysed with a MANOVA, taking as independent variables the psychological mediators (dichotomized by the median), and sex of participants, and as dependent variables each one of the sub-scales of motivation considered by the Sport Motivation Scale. Results gave support the theory postulates. There were differences in intrinsic motivation in functions of perceived competence, support to autonomy and social relationships. The same happened, partially, with the more self-determined sub-scales of extrinsic motivation and amotivation. However, differences in EM of external regulation were given in an opposite direction of theory. Results are explained regarding the pre-competitive situation of athletes. doi:10.5232/ricyde2006.00501 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Referencias/references Baumeister, R.F. & Leary, M.R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497 PMid:7777651 Goudas, M. & Biddle, S.J.H. (1994). Perceived motivational climate and intrinsic motivation in school physical education classes. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 9, 241-250.; doi:10.1007/BF03172783 Harlow, H.F. (1958). The nature of love. American Psychologist, 13, 673-685. doi:10.1037/h0047884 Harter, S. (1978). Effectance motivation reconsidered: Toward a developmental model. Human Development, 1, 34-64. doi:10.1159/000271574 Hu, L. & Bentler, P.M. (1999), Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 Vallerand, R.J. & Losier, G. (1999). An Integrative Analysis of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Sport. Journal of applied sport psychology 11, 142-169. doi:10.1080/10413209908402956 Vallerand, R.J. & Reid, G. (1988). On the relative effects of positive and negative verbal feedback on ales and females’ intrinsic motivation. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 20, 239-250. doi:10.1037/h0079930 White, R.W. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence. Psychological Review, 66, 297-333. doi:10.1037/h0040934 PMid:13844397 ---------------------------------------------------------------------