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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Osseoconductivity of a Specific Streptavidin-Biotin-Fibronectin Surface Coating of Biotinylated Titanium Implants - A Rabbit Animal Study

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Background Biofunctionalized implant surfaces may accelerate bony integration and increase long-term stability. Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate the osseous reaction toward biomimetic titanium implants surfaces coated with quasicovalent immobilized fibronectin in an in vivo animal model. Materials and Methods A total of 84 implants (uncoated [control 1, n = 36], streptavidin–biotin coated [test 1, n = 24], streptavidin–biotin–fibronectin coated [test 2, n = 24]) were inserted 1 mm supracortically in the proximal tibia of 12 rabbits. The samples were examined after 3 and 6 weeks. Total bone-implant contact (tBIC; %), bone-implant contact in the cortical (cBIC; %) and in the spongious bone (sBIC; %) as well as the percentage of linear bone fill (PLF; %) were evaluated. Results After 3 weeks, streptavidin–biotin–fibronectin implants had a significant higher sBIC (p = .043) and PLF (p = .007) compared with the uncoated samples. After 6 weeks, this difference was significant for tBIC (p = .016) and cBIC (p < .001). Additionally, uncoated screws showed a significant higher sBIC when compared with the fibronectin coating (p < .001). Streptavidin–biotin-coated implants showed less bone growth at both time points of all examined parameters when compared with their counterparts (all p < .001). Conclusions Quasicovalent immobilization of biotinylated fibronectin with the streptavidin–biotin–fibronectin system on smooth surface titanium shows a beneficial faster osseous healing in vivo. Besides, an antifouling effect of the streptavidin–biotin coating was proven.