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RESEARCH PRODUCT
The use of in vivo confocal microscopy in fungal keratitis – Progress and challenges
Ingvild M. BakkenCatherine J. JacksonTor P. UtheimEdoardo VillaniPedram HamrahAhmad KheirkhahEsben NielsenScott HauNeil S. Lagalisubject
KeratitisIn vivo confocal microscopyArtificial intelligenceMicroscopy ConfocalCorneaOphthalmologyVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Oftalmologi: 754Fungal keratitisArtificial IntelligenceFungal keratitis; Cornea; Diagnostics; In vivo confocal microscopy; Artificial intelligenceHumansRadiologi och bildbehandlingCorneal UlcerEye Infections FungalDiagnosticsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and Medical Imagingdescription
Fungal keratitis (FK) is a serious and sight-threatening corneal infection with global reach. The need for prompt diagnosis is paramount, as a delay in initiation of treatment could lead to irreversible vision loss. Current “gold standard” diagnostic methods, namely corneal smear and culture, have limitations due to diagnostic insensitivity and their time-consuming nature. PCR is a newer, complementary method used in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis, whose results are also sample-dependent. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a promising complementary diagnostic method of increasing importance as it allows non-invasive real-time direct visualization of potential fungal pathogens and manifesting infection directly in the patient's cornea. In numerous articles and case reports, FK diagnosis by IVCM has been evaluated, and different features, approaches, sensitivity/specificity, and limitations have been noted. Here, we provide an up-to-date, comprehensive review of the current literature and present the authors' combined recommendations for fungal identification in IVCM images, while also looking to the future of FK assessment by IVCM using artificial intelligence methods.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-04-01 |