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RESEARCH PRODUCT

L'abandon sportif : des motifs d'abandon aux modèles théoriques : une recherche longitudinale chez les handballeuses et les basketteuses

subject

description

The objective of this thesis was on the one hand to identify the motives for dropout handballers and the basketballers Syrian women and to test on the other hand three theoretical models which explain the dropout of sport. A first study (N = 402) attempted to identify the reasons for dropout for these players. The results showed that the players estimate that certain reasons (e.g., to get pregnant, to have a husband which does not make it possible to his wife any more to make sport) are very important to give up sport. Some reasons are in function of the type and level of players as well as the age and level of experience. A second study (N = 328) tested the model of dropout of Sarrazin and al., (2002) in order to explain how the perceived climate of the coach led to sport dropout for these players. The results reported strong support for this model and the causal chain of Vallerand’s hierarchical model (1997). They showed that the impact of the motivational climate of the coach on the motivation is mediated by perceptions of competence, affiliation and autonomy of the players. Furthermore, the motivation is correlated with intentions to give up that predict dropout for these players. A third study (N = 237) tried to test the model of dropout of Guillet and al., (2002). The results could not support this model. However, a modified version was validated. In this one, the results showed on the one hand that there are three antecedents which predict the involvement of the players (i.e, social constraints, the attraction for other activities and benefit perceived). On the other hand, the involvement is negatively related to dropout behavior of the players. A fourth study (N = 328) was focused on the link between gender identity of the players and their perseverance in their activities. The results showed that Androgynous and Masculine-typed players have persisted in their masculine activities much more than Feminine-typed. Finally, a fifth study (N = 328) tested a simplified version of Eccles model and al., (1983), suggested by Guillet and al., (2006). The results supported partially this model by showing that the influence of masculinity on the intentions to give up is mediated by the activity values and perceived ability. However, these variables do not play a mediating role between femininity and the intentions to give up. The intentions to give up predict the real dropout for these players. In summary, if the motives for dropout give an idea about the likely reasons that lead to give up sport, the theoretical models reflect a better explication for real dropout.