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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Beneficial Intervertebral Disc and Muscle Adaptations in High-Volume Road Cyclists.
Yuan LingNicola D. RidgersDavid ConnellTimo RantalainenTimo RantalainenMatthew J. QuittnerDaniel L. BelavýGuy Trudelsubject
Malecyclinglihakset0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsBack painMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineCompetitive sportta315Intervertebral Discphysiological effectsGlycosaminoglycansPsoas Musclesexercisemusculoskeletal systemLow back painAdaptation PhysiologicalMagnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureAdipose TissueselkäFemalemusclesmedicine.symptomcyclistsmusculoskeletal diseasesAdultmedicine.medical_specialtynikamavälilevyintervertebral diskbasck painParaspinal MusclesPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationpyöräilijät03 medical and health sciencesPhysical medicine and rehabilitationBody WaterHumanspyöräilybusiness.industryPotential riskIntervertebral disc030229 sport sciencesBicyclingbackbusinesshuman activitiesLow Back Painfysiologiset vaikutuksetdescription
Purpose Cycling is widely practiced as a mode of transportation, a leisurely pursuit, and a competitive sport. Approximately half of cyclists experience low back pain. Yet, there has been limited study of spine tissue adaptations due to cycling.Methods To investigate potential risk factors for spinal pain, we compared 18 high-volume cyclists (>150 kmwk(-1) for 5 yr) to 18 height-matched nonsporting referents. Participants had no history of spinal pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify intervertebral disc (IVD) morphology and hydration, and psoas, erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, and multifidus muscle size and fat content. Endurance of trunk muscles (flexors and extensors) was measured, and physical activity levels were assessed objectively using accelerometry.Results Cyclists' IVD showed prolonged T2 time (+10.0% 17.3%; P = 0.021), implying better IVD hydration and glycosaminoglycan content, compared with referents. Lower thoracic and upper lumbar IVD T2 time were longer in cyclists (P 0.029) but not at the lower lumbar spine. T2 time differences were larger in the nucleus pulposus compared with the annulus fibrosus. Cyclists showed larger psoas muscles with less fat content compared with referents. Cyclists also exhibited longer isometric trunk endurance times (P 0.036) and higher physical activity levels (osteogenic index, P = 0.038).Conclusion Despite previous studies reporting higher than average prevalence of back pain in cyclists, the high-volume road cyclists in our cohort showed no anatomical or functional deficiency in spinal structures. By contrast, we found evidence for beneficial adaptations to the IVD and psoas muscles in high-volume cyclists compared with referents. These data support the notion that cycling is not detrimental to the spine, rather, by contrast, may be associated with beneficial changes at the spine. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018-08-30 | Medicine and science in sports and exercise |