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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Mechanisms underlying lineage commitment and plasticity of human γδ T cells.
Guido SireciMatilde TodaroGiorgio StassiSerena MeravigliaNadia CaccamoFrancesco Dielisubject
ImmunologyReviewT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryInterleukin 21Cell MovementImmunology and AllergyCytotoxic T cellHumansIL-2 receptorAntigen-presenting cellhuman gamma delta T cells lineage subsets.Interleukin 3Settore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleImmunity CellularCD40biologycytokines; effector and memory cells; γδ T cells; lineage-specifying factors; T-cell subsetsCell DifferentiationReceptors Antigen T-Cell gamma-deltaT-Lymphocytes Helper-InducerNatural killer T cellAcquired immune systemImmunity HumoralInfectious DiseasesImmunologybiology.proteinImmunologic Memorydescription
Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity are the hallmarks of effector and memory T cells. Upon antigen stimulation, γδ T cells differentiate into two major types of memory T cells: central memory cells, which patrol the blood and secondary lymphoid organs, and effector memory cells, which migrate to peripheral tissues. γδ T cells display in vitro a certain degree of plasticity in their function that is reminiscent of that which is observed in conventional CD4 T cells. Similar to CD4 T cells, in which a plethora of specialized subsets affect the host response, γδ T cells may readily and rapidly assume distinct Th1-, Th2-, Th17-, T(FH) and T regulatory-like effector functions, suggesting that they profoundly influence cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. In addition to differences in cytokine repertoire, γδ T cells exhibit diversity in homing, such as migration to lymph node follicles, to help B cells versus migration to inflamed tissues. Here, we review our current understanding of γδ T-cell lineage heterogeneity and flexibility, with an emphasis on the human system, and propose a classification of effector γδ T cells based on distinct functional phenotypes.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012-10-22 |