6533b837fe1ef96bd12a3380
RESEARCH PRODUCT
“Krokodil”—Revival of an Old Drug with New Problems
Maximilian GahrCarlos Schönfeldt-lecuonaIngo M. GunstRoland W. FreudenmannChristoph HiemkeBernhard J. Connemannsubject
Morphine DerivativesHealth (social science)business.industryInternet privacyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMedicine (miscellaneous)Opioid-Related DisordersDesigner DrugsRussiaEuropePsychiatry and Mental healthWestern europemedicineHumansDesomorphinebusinessmedicine.drugdescription
In order to summarize current knowledge about the drug "Krokodil" a systematic review including a literature search of the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google was conducted in December 2011. According to information acquired, "Krokodil" is a mixture of several substances and was first reported to have been used in Russia in 2003. The core agent of "Krokodil" is desomorphine, an opioid-analogue that can be easily and cheaply manufactured by oneself. Self-production results in a contaminated suspension that is injected intravenously. Due to its pharmacologic features, desomorphine shows a high potential to cause dependence. Against the background of first possible cases of "Krokodil" use in Western Europe, it appears advisable to provide information regarding the fatal consequences of "Krokodil."
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012-04-02 | Substance Use & Misuse |