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RESEARCH PRODUCT
Record-breaking warming and extreme drought in the Amazon rainforest during the course of El Niño 2015–2016
Cristian MattarJonathan BarichivichAndrés Santamaría-artigasKen TakahashiYadvinder MalhiJuan C. Jiménez-muñozGerard Van Der SchrierJosé A. Sobrinosubject
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAmazonian0208 environmental biotechnologyClimate change02 engineering and technologyRainforest01 natural sciencesArticle//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.00 [http]Environmental impactEcosystem0105 earth and related environmental sciences//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.09 [http]MultidisciplinaryAmazon rainforestOcean currentTropics020801 environmental engineeringGeography//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.10 [http][SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology13. Climate actionClimatologyAbrupt climate changeENSOClimate-change impactsdescription
AbstractThe El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the main driver of interannual climate extremes in Amazonia and other tropical regions. The current 2015/2016 EN event was expected to be as strong as the EN of the century in 1997/98, with extreme heat and drought over most of Amazonian rainforests. Here we show that this protracted EN event, combined with the regional warming trend, was associated with unprecedented warming and a larger extent of extreme drought in Amazonia compared to the earlier strong EN events in 1982/83 and 1997/98. Typical EN-like drought conditions were observed only in eastern Amazonia, whilst in western Amazonia there was an unusual wetting. We attribute this wet-dry dipole to the location of the maximum sea surface warming on the Central equatorial Pacific. The impacts of this climate extreme on the rainforest ecosystems remain to be documented and are likely to be different to previous strong EN events.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-09-08 |