6533b854fe1ef96bd12afaf7

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Défenses antioxydantes, inflammation et immunomodulation, au cours du diabète gestationnel, dans les compartiments maternel, foetal et placentaire

subject

description

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as ‘carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy’, irrespective to necessary treatment and its evolution in the post partum. GDM is associated with a number of complications/ pathologies both in mother and in their newborns, with short and long-term. In this study, we investigated the role of cytokines, adipokines and antioxidant status during GDM and macrosomia. Our study has demonstrated that these pathologies are associated with a perturbation in lipid metabolism, and antioxidant and immune status. GDM is linked to the down-regulation of adiponectin along with Th1 cytokines and upregulation of leptin and inflammatory cytokines whereas macrosomia was associated with the up-regulation of Th1 cytokines and the down-regulation of the obesity-related agents (IL-6, TNF-α, leptin and adiponectin). Several alterations observed at birth in carbohydrates and lipids metabolism in the children born to diabetic mothers, still persist at the adulthood. It seems that in utero programming during diabetic pregnancy creates a ‘‘metabolic memory’’ which is responsible for the development of obesity and physiological anomalies in macrosomic offspring. According to multiple linear regressions incremental that we established, it appears that growth factors that influence the increase of foetal weight are: PDGF in mother's side and FGF2 in maternal and foetal side.