6533b856fe1ef96bd12b3336
RESEARCH PRODUCT
Measuring Globalization of International Trade: Theory and Evidence
Francisco PérezIván ArribasEmili Tortosa-ausinasubject
Economic integrationEconomics and EconometricsSociology and Political Sciencebusiness.industrySocial connectednessgeographic neutralityGeography Planning and Developmentinternational tradeBuilding and ConstructionInternational tradeInternational economicsDevelopmentEconomic globalizationGlobalizationWorld economyOpenness to experienceEconomicsNeutralitybusinessTrade barriernetwork analysisglobalizationdescription
Measuring globalization requires a Standard of Perfect International Integration as a benchmark that a single world space would reach under conditions of geographic neutrality in international trade. We define this standard and present indicators for openness, connectedness and integration, for each specific economy, and for the world economy. We apply our indicators to data on trade flows for 59 countries for the 1967-2004 period. Results show that trade integration is higher than what traditional openness indicators suggest. Several economies find high levels of integration, but the low degree of openness in some large economies jeopardizes the progress of globalization. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
| year | journal | country | edition | language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009-01-01 |