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RESEARCH PRODUCT

Executive Functions Profile in Extreme Eating/Weight Conditions : From Anorexia Nervosa to Obesity

Cristina BotellaLaura ForcanoJosé Manuel Fernández-realJosé Manuel Fernández-realAna B. FagundoFrancisco J. TinahonesRafael De La TorreSusana Jiménez-murciaSusana Jiménez-murciaRoser RodríguezRoser RodríguezJosé Carlos Fernández-garcíaZaida AgüeraSalomé TárregaSalomé TárregaFelipe F. CasanuevaFelipe F. CasanuevaFernando Fernández-arandaFernando Fernández-arandaJavier Gómez-ambrosiJavier Gómez-ambrosiGema FrühbeckGema FrühbeckRoser GraneroRoser GraneroRosa M. BañosRosa M. Baños

subject

MaleAnorexia NervosaEating DisordersObesidadNeuropsychological TestsAudiologySocial and Behavioral Sciences:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Executive FunctionCognitionCognitive neurologyWisconsin Card Sorting TestImagen CorporalHuman PerformancePsychology:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Eating Disorders::Anorexia Nervosa [Medical Subject Headings]Anorexia NerviosaPsychiatryMultidisciplinaryQCognitive flexibilityRNeuropsychological testingAnorèxia nerviosaMiddle AgedExecutive functionsToma de ConcienciaClinical PsychologyMental HealthPruebas NeuropsicológicasAnorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses)Eating disordersMedicineObesitatFemalemedicine.symptomConducta compulsivaResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyImpulsivityAdolescentScienceDecision MakingPes corporalBiologyImpulsivityYoung AdultNeuropsychologymedicineHumansObesityTrastorns de la conducta alimentàriaNutritionBehavior:Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Cognition::Awareness [Medical Subject Headings]Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con HiperactividadAnorexia nervosaBody weight:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]Impulsive Behavior:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavioral Disciplines and Activities::Psychological Tests::Neuropsychological Tests [Medical Subject Headings]:Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Perception::Body Image [Medical Subject Headings]NeurocognitiveDecision making:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Mental Disorders Diagnosed in Childhood::Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders::Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity [Medical Subject Headings]Stroop effectExecutive dysfunction

description

Background: Extreme weight conditions (EWC) groups along a continuum may share some biological risk factors and intermediate neurocognitive phenotypes. A core cognitive trait in EWC appears to be executive dysfunction, with a focus on decision making, response inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Differences between individuals in these areas are likely to contribute to the differences in vulnerability to EWC. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is a common pattern of executive dysfunction in EWC while comparing anorexia nervosa patients (AN), obese subjects (OB) and healthy eating/weight controls (HC). Methods: Thirty five AN patients, fifty two OB and one hundred thirty seven HC were compared using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST); Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT); and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). All participants were female, aged between 18 and 60 years. Results: There was a significant difference in IGT score (F(1.79); p<.001), with AN and OB groups showing the poorest performance compared to HC. On the WCST, AN and OB made significantly more errors than controls (F(25.73); p<.001), and had significantly fewer correct responses (F(2.71); p<.001). Post hoc analysis revealed that the two clinical groups were not significantly different from each other. Finally, OB showed a significant reduced performance in the inhibition response measured with the Stroop test (F(5.11); p<.001) compared with both AN and HC. Conclusions: These findings suggest that EWC subjects (namely AN and OB) have similar dysfunctional executive profile that may play a role in the development and maintenance of such disorders Financial support was received from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria -FIS (PI081714; PI11/210) and AGAUR (2009SGR1554, 2009SGR718); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación Subprograma Juan de la Cierva (JCI-2011-09248); CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) and CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERsam), are an initiative of ISCIII

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2012-08-21
10.1371/journal.pone.0043382https://ddd.uab.cat/record/141531