6533b870fe1ef96bd12cfe34

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Reforma kalendarza i roku liturgicznego od Soboru Trydenckiego do Soboru Watykańskiego II

subject

description

The duty of the Church is to solemnly celebrate the saving work of Jesus Christ throughout the year on fixed days. Life has shown that feasts were gradually established through which the Mother of God, Mary, was honoured. In addition, there were introduced numerous commemorations of martyrs and other saints who became examples for successive generations of Christ’s followers how to heroically fulfil the principles contained in the Gospel. Thus, the liturgical year developed over the centuries as a result of a specific evolution influenced by various conditions. The dates and rules of celebrating particular celebrations were regulated by liturgical calendars. The process of development and attempts to reform the liturgical year, in-cluding the calendars of saints, existed throughout the history of the Church. In Polish literature there is no study on the development and reform of the liturgical year and the calendar of saints after the Council of Trent. This gap is to be filled by the current dissertation. Therefore, its topic is: The Reform of the Calender and Liturgical Year from the Council of Trent until the Vatican II. The work attempts to answer the following questions: What were the reasons for the increase of the celebrations in honour of the saints? Who and when and in what way made successive reforms of the Roman calendar? Similar questions may be asked in relation to the Temporale, especially about the attempts made to appreciate the significance of the weekly Pascha, i.e. Sunday, and at the end of the discussed annual Passover period, especially the Paschal Triduum during the pontificate of Pope Pius XII, as well as what influence did the actions of the pioneers of the classical liturgical movement exert? The discussed issue has been presented on the basis of a chronological cri-terion, i.e. according to the achievements of successive popes who lived in the post-Tridentine period. The study is based on a rich source of material which includes liturgical books, documents issued by successive popes and other documents of Roman church offices. In writing the study, the historical method of critical analysis of source documents was primarily used. The first chapter presents the issues related to the development of the liturgical calendar after the Council of Trent until the pontificate of Pope Pius X. The second chapter focuses on the development of the liturgical year and calendar under Popes Pius X, Benedict XV and Pius XI, who above all gave strong support to the rapidly growing liturgical movement. The next chapter takes the reader to the long pontificate of Pope Pius XII and his com-mitment to the reform of the liturgy, especially as seen through the prism of the development of the liturgical year and calendar. There is ample evi-dence that this pope was personally involved in promoting liturgical renew-al. Based on this background, it has been possible to look more closely at the specific achievements aimed at reforming the liturgical year which were the work of Pius XII. However, he did not manage to implement all the intentions of the reform, so the last chapter presents the changes concerning the calendar and the liturgical year that took place during the pontificate of Pope John XXIII. His actions concerning the organization of liturgical regulations, the socalled rubrics of the Roman Missal and breviary, changes in the liturgical year and calendar led to a thorough renewal and reform of the entire liturgy, which took place at the Second Vatican Council that was convened and opened by him.